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Peaks of sound velocity in two color dense QCD: quark saturation effects and semishort range correlations
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abstract
We discuss stiffening of dense matter in two color QCD (QC$_2$D) where hadrons are mesons and diquark baryons. We study two models which describe a transition of matter from the Bose-Einstein-Condensation regime at low density to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer regime at high density. The first model is based on coherent states of diquarks, and the second is the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with diquark pairing terms. We particularly focus on how quark states are occupied as baryon density increases. We find that, due to the occupied quark levels, the ideal gas picture of diquarks breaks down at density significantly less than the density where baryon cores overlap. The saturation of quark states at low momenta stiffens equations of state. We also study the effects of interactions which depend on the quark occupation probability. We argue that equations of state become very stiff when the bulk part of the quark Fermi sea has the effective repulsion but the Fermi surface enjoys the attractive correlations. This disparity for different momentum domains is possible due to the strong channel dependence in gluon exchanges with momentum transfer of $0.2-1$ GeV. These concepts can be transferred from QC$_2$D to QCD in any numbers of colors.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Quantum phases at high chemical potential in 2-flavor matrix-QC$_2$D
In a matrix model of two-flavor two-color QCD, large baryon/isospin/chiral chemical potentials produce a web of quantum phases, including spin-1 LOFF-like states whose quark spin fraction can approach one.
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Speed of sound peak in two-color dense QCD: confronting effective models with lattice data
A medium-separated NJL model reproduces the lattice-observed peak in the speed of sound for two-color dense QCD, where conventional cutoff regularization fails.
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Density dependent speed of sound and its consequences in neutron stars
A three-parameter speed-of-sound model reproduces relativistic mean-field neutron-star equations of state and produces curvature and trace-anomaly sign changes without any phase transition.
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Can average speed of sound and thermodynamic response functions signal the exotic phases in neutron star cores?
Average speed of sound, its logarithmic derivative, and thermodynamic response functions distinguish sharp-interface versus mixed-phase hadron-quark transitions inside hybrid neutron stars.
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Quarkyonic Quark-Meson Coupling Model for Nuclear and Neutron Matter
A quark-based nuclear matter model combining quarkyonic Pauli blocking with quark-meson coupling can be tuned to reproduce neutron-star and heavy-ion constraints.
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Stiffening of matter in quark-hadron continuity: a mini-review
Quark saturation inside baryons, not many-body nucleon repulsion, may drive the rapid stiffening of neutron star matter at 2-3 times nuclear saturation density.
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Phase and equation of state of finite density QC$_2$D at lower temperature
Proceedings summarizing lattice QC2D results: the conformal bound c_s^2/c^2 = 1/3 is exceeded in the BCS phase at T = 40 and 80 MeV, with a rich hadronic/BEC/BCS phase structure.
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