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Gravitational Wave Gastronomy
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The symmetry breaking of grand unified gauge groups in the early Universe often leaves behind relic topological defects such as cosmic strings, domain walls, or monopoles. For some symmetry breaking chains, hybrid defects can form where cosmic strings attach to domain walls or monopoles attach to strings. In general, such hybrid defects are unstable, with one defect "eating" the other via the conversion of its rest mass into the other's kinetic energy and subsequently decaying via gravitational waves. In this work, we determine the gravitational wave spectrum from 1) the destruction of a cosmic string network by the nucleation of monopoles which cut up and "eat" the strings, 2) the collapse and decay of a monopole-string network by strings that "eat" the monopoles, 3) the destruction of a domain wall network by the nucleation of string-bounded holes on the wall that expand and "eat" the wall, and 4) the collapse and decay of a string-bounded wall network by walls that "eat" the strings. We call the gravitational wave signals produced from the "eating" of one topological defect by another gravitational wave gastronomy. We find that the four gravitational wave gastronomy signals considered yield unique spectra that can be used to narrow down the SO(10) symmetry breaking chain to the Standard Model and the scales of symmetry breaking associated with the consumed topological defects. Moreover, the systems we consider are unlikely to have a residual monopole or domain wall problem.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Metastable cosmic strings are broken at the start
Metastable cosmic-string networks are typically broken within a Hubble time of formation by finite-temperature effects or by pre-existing monopoles, so matching NANOGrav requires m_M^2/μ ≳ 10^3.
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One-Dimensional Simulations of the Topological Defects in a 3:1 $U(1)$ Model
In a 3:1 U(1) model, the Z3 domain wall develops a growing bias angle beta as v1/v2 is lowered, and no static wall exists below R12 ≈ 0.768.
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Minimal Multi-Majoron Model
The minimal multi-Majoron model is a UV-complete seesaw framework in which two Majoron VEVs set hierarchical right-handed neutrino masses and generate a combined cosmic-string and first-order-transition gravitational ...
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Searching Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background Landscape Across Frequency Bands
A hybrid cosmic string–domain wall model can fit the NANOGrav 15-year signal, and its high-frequency tail lies within LISA's projected reach, making the interpretation testable.
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Monopoles, Strings, Walls and Gravitational waves
Breaking SU(2) flavor gauge symmetry stepwise to nothing leaves monopoles, strings, and walls; collapsing walls can form composite strings whose gravitational-wave spectra fit PTA data and lie within reach of LVK and ...
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Magnetic monopoles and high frequency gravitational waves from quasi-stable strings
SO(10) breaking through flipped SU(5) or Pati-Salam subgroups can produce GUT monopoles from merging monopole-antimonopole pairs, while the intervening quasi-stable strings emit gravitational waves from Hz to kHz.
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