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Lepton-Flavor-Violating ALPs at the Electron-Ion Collider: A Golden Opportunity

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arxiv 2112.04513 v3 pith:S7VR4O5V submitted 2021-12-08 hep-ph hep-exnucl-ex

Lepton-Flavor-Violating ALPs at the Electron-Ion Collider: A Golden Opportunity

classification hep-ph hep-exnucl-ex
keywords alpsflavorviolatingarisecolliderelectronelectron-ionexample
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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abstract

Axion-like particles (ALPs) arise in a variety of theoretical contexts and can, in general, mediate flavor violating interactions and parity non-conservation. We consider lepton flavor violating ALPs with GeV scale or larger masses which may, for example, arise in composite dark sector models. We show that a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) can uncover or constrain such ALPs via processes of the type $e \, A_Z \to \tau \, A_Z\, a$, where $A_Z$ is a nucleus of charge $Z$ and $a$ is an ALP in the range $m_\tau \leq m_a \lesssim 20$ GeV. The production of the ALP can have a large $Z^2$ enhancement from low $Q^2$ electromagnetic scattering of the electron from a heavy ion. Using the gold nucleus ($Z=79$) as an example, we show that the EIC can explore $e-\tau$ flavor violation, mediated by GeV-scale ALPs, well beyond current limits. Importantly, the EIC reach for this interaction is not sensitive to the lepton-flavor conserving ALP couplings, whose possible smallness can render searches using $\tau$ decays ineffective. We also discuss how the EIC electron beam polarization can provide a powerful tool for investigating parity violating ALPs.

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Forward citations

Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Neutron stars can shine a light on elusive lepton-flavor-violating dark matter

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 7.0

    Flavor blocking keeps lepton-flavor-violating dark matter from thermalizing inside neutron stars, so p-wave annihilation stays efficient and heats the star to observable temperatures.

  2. On Exclusive Coherent Production of Bosons in Electron-Proton Collisions

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A phenomenological 2-to-3 framework is constructed for exclusive boson electroproduction that matches flux-factorized predictions near Q^{2}=0 while capturing finite-Q^{2} effects at larger virtualities.

  3. Braking protons at the EIC: from invisible meson decay to new physics searches

    hep-ph 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    The EIC can probe invisible pseudoscalar meson decays down to branching ratios of 10^{-8} and invisibly decaying ALPs with couplings up to 10^5 GeV for masses 0.1-2 GeV.

  4. Dihadron azimuthal asymmetry and light-quark dipole moments at the Electron-Ion Collider

    hep-ph 2024-08 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Proposal for a new observable—dihadron azimuthal asymmetry in unpolarized SIDIS at EIC—that isolates linear dependence on light-quark dipole couplings via SM-dipole interference.

  5. ALP and $Z^\prime$ boson at the Electron-Ion collider

    hep-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 5.0

    Projected EIC tri-electron searches would constrain electron-coupled ALPs and Z' bosons more strongly than current experiments at masses of about 10-100 GeV and 10-30 GeV, respectively.

  6. Flavor physics at the EIC with b-jet tagging

    hep-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 5.0

    Single b-jet counting in charged-current events at the EIC could probe new flavor-changing physics up to Λ_eff ≈ 5 TeV, about 30 times the collider energy, assuming tight b-tagging and polarized beams.

  7. A search for heavy axion-like particles in light-by-light scattering at the FCC-hh

    hep-ph 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    Computes production cross sections and sensitivity limits for heavy ALPs in light-by-light scattering at FCC-hh across pp, pPb, and PbPb modes.

  8. Axions and Axion-like particles: collider searches

    hep-ph 2025-08 accept

    A pedagogical review of the ALP effective field theory, production and decay at colliders, indirect search strategies, and a summary of current bounds on the ALP-photon coupling.