Microstates of a $2d$ Black Hole in string theory

Olga Papadoulaki; Panos Betzios

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Microstates of a $2d$ Black Hole in string theory

Panos Betzios, Olga Papadoulaki

High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 20 Oct 2022

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Our construction allows us to identify the origin of the microstates of these backgrounds, arising from non trivial representations, and paves the way for computing various observables on them.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.12 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.05 · compares with prior results 0.12 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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We analyse models of Matrix Quantum Mechanics in the double scaling limit that contain non-singlet states. The finite temperature partition function of such systems contains non-trivial winding modes (vortices) and is expressed in terms of a group theoretic sum over representations. We then focus in the case when the first winding mode is dominant (model of Kazakov-Kostov-Kutasov). In the limit of large representations (continuous Young diagrams), and depending on the values of the parameters of the model such as the compactification radius and the string coupling, the dual geometric background corresponds to that of a long string (winding mode) condensate or a $2d$ (non-supersymmetric) Black Hole. In the matrix model we can tune these parameters and explore various phases and regimes. Our construction allows us to identify the origin of the microstates of these backgrounds, arising from non trivial representations, and paves the way for computing various observables on them.

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#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We analyse models of Matrix Quantum Mechanics in the double scaling limit that contain non-singlet states.	contribution 0.79	0.87	0.04	asserted 0.97
s1	The finite temperature partition function of such systems contains non-trivial winding modes (vortices) and is expressed in terms of a group theoretic sum over representations.	result 0.82	0.50	0.06	asserted 1.00
s2	We then focus in the case when the first winding mode is dominant (model of Kazakov-Kostov-Kutasov).	method 0.63	0.56	0.06	asserted 0.90
s3	In the limit of large representations (continuous Young diagrams), and depending on the values of the parameters of the model such as the compactification radius and the string coupling, the dual geometric background corresponds to that of a long string (winding mode) condensate or a $2d$ (non-supersymmetric) Black Hole.	result 0.90	0.67	0.51	asserted 0.96
s4	In the matrix model we can tune these parameters and explore various phases and regimes.	method 0.55	0.52	0.05	asserted 0.87
s5	Our construction allows us to identify the origin of the microstates of these backgrounds, arising from non trivial representations, and paves the way for computing various observables on them.	interpretation 0.52	0.87	0.70	asserted 0.92

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Original abstract

We analyse models of Matrix Quantum Mechanics in the double scaling limit that contain non-singlet states. The finite temperature partition function of such systems contains non-trivial winding modes (vortices) and is expressed in terms of a group theoretic sum over representations. We then focus in the case when the first winding mode is dominant (model of Kazakov-Kostov-Kutasov). In the limit of large representations (continuous Young diagrams), and depending on the values of the parameters of the model such as the compactification radius and the string coupling, the dual geometric background corresponds to that of a long string (winding mode) condensate or a $2d$ (non-supersymmetric) Black Hole. In the matrix model we can tune these parameters and explore various phases and regimes. Our construction allows us to identify the origin of the microstates of these backgrounds, arising from non trivial representations, and paves the way for computing various observables on them.

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7 arXiv papers cite this in 9 sentences

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On the other hand, from our formula ([ref]), we see that as we approach $R→R_C,H=√(3)$ the $g_s,C^-2$ contribution to the entropy of the near horizon cigar black hole vanishes (this does not say anything about the large $D$ black hole of course)[It is interesting to compare this result against the phase diagram in [ref] for small $g_s$ and $R<2$.

Stretched horizon, replica trick and off-shell winding condensate, and all that · The winding condensate limit · 0.97
and where we defined for convenience the parameter[A similar equation to wo was found in [ref] (eq.

Phase transitions in the decomposition of $SU(N)$ representations · Condensed phase $n<n_w$ · 0.88

Cites it as background 3 papers

Long strings and their conjectured relation to a (Lorentzian) two-dimensional black hole were revisited in [ref] , as well as recent developments in the adjoint sector of the MQM in [ref] .

$c=1$ strings as a matrix integral · Discussion · 0.98
Of particular interest is the understanding of microstates in the two-dimensional black hole of [ref] with matrix models, along the lines of [ref] and more recently of [ref] , and of the deconfinement/Hagedorn transition in large-$N$ gauge theories [ref] , especially in the setting of [ref] .

Phase transitions in the decomposition of $SU(N)$ representations · Conclusions · 0.96
The possible relevance of the ferromagnetic term in the physics of microstates in two-dimensional black holes [ref] as studied in [ref] and more recently in [ref] , as well as in the deconfinement/Hagedorn transition in large-$N$ gauge theories [ref] would be an interesting and important issue.

Triple critical point and emerging temperature scales in $SU(N)$ ferromagnetism at large $N$ · Conclusions · 0.89

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