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BrainCLIP: Bridging Brain and Visual-Linguistic Representation Via CLIP for Generic Natural Visual Stimulus Decoding

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arxiv 2302.12971 v3 pith:MNZATDPW submitted 2023-02-25 cs.CV cs.AIcs.HC

BrainCLIP: Bridging Brain and Visual-Linguistic Representation Via CLIP for Generic Natural Visual Stimulus Decoding

classification cs.CV cs.AIcs.HC
keywords decodingbrainclipvisualbrainclipfmrinaturalsemantic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Due to the lack of paired samples and the low signal-to-noise ratio of functional MRI (fMRI) signals, reconstructing perceived natural images or decoding their semantic contents from fMRI data are challenging tasks. In this work, we propose, for the first time, a task-agnostic fMRI-based brain decoding model, BrainCLIP, which leverages CLIP's cross-modal generalization ability to bridge the modality gap between brain activity, image, and text. Our experiments demonstrate that CLIP can act as a pivot for generic brain decoding tasks, including zero-shot visual categories decoding, fMRI-image/text matching, and fMRI-to-image generation. Specifically, BrainCLIP aims to train a mapping network that transforms fMRI patterns into a well-aligned CLIP embedding space by combining visual and textual supervision. Our experiments show that this combination can boost the decoding model's performance on certain tasks like fMRI-text matching and fMRI-to-image generation. On the zero-shot visual category decoding task, BrainCLIP achieves significantly better performance than BraVL, a recently proposed multi-modal method specifically designed for this task. BrainCLIP can also reconstruct visual stimuli with high semantic fidelity and establishes a new state-of-the-art for fMRI-based natural image reconstruction in terms of high-level semantic features.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. NeuroQA: A Large-Scale Image-Grounded Benchmark for 3D Brain MRI Understanding

    cs.CV 2026-05 accept novelty 8.0

    NeuroQA is a large-scale 3D brain MRI visual question answering benchmark with verified image-grounded QA pairs, multi-domain coverage, and baseline evaluations showing current models lag behind text-only performance.

  2. Can neurons speak? Semantic narration of vision at single-cell resolution

    q-bio.NC 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    NEURRATOR bridges neural spike trains to frozen CLIP patch embeddings via a learned encoder, then uses a multimodal LM and sparse autoencoder to produce validated natural-language narrations of viewed scenes from Neur...

  3. NeuroFlow: Toward Unified Visual Encoding and Decoding from Neural Activity

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    NeuroFlow is the first unified flow model for bidirectional visual encoding and decoding from neural activity using NeuroVAE and cross-modal flow matching.

  4. Bridging Brain and Semantics: A Hierarchical Framework for Semantically Enhanced fMRI-to-Video Reconstruction

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    CineNeuron improves fMRI-to-video reconstruction by combining bottom-up semantic enrichment with top-down Mixture-of-Memories integration and outperforms prior methods on benchmarks.

  5. Meta-learning In-Context Enables Training-Free Cross Subject Brain Decoding

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A meta-optimized in-context learning approach enables training-free cross-subject semantic visual decoding from fMRI by inferring individual neural encoding patterns via hierarchical inference on a few examples.

  6. Spiking Neural Networks for fMRI-Based Visual Semantic Decoding

    cs.NE 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Spiking-neural-network image features are more predictable from fMRI activity under a fixed linear decoder than ResNet-18 features, but the effect is inflated by feature-scale differences.

  7. Retrieval-Based Brain Decoding by Alignment, not Complexity

    q-bio.NC 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Linear contrastive decoders outperform ridge regression and non-linear alternatives when mapping fMRI activity to foundation model embeddings in vision, text, and audio.