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The Gallium Neutrino Absorption Cross Section and its Uncertainty
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In the recent Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST), a suppressed rate of neutrino absorption on a gallium target was observed, consistent with earlier results from neutrino source calibrations of the SAGE and GALLEX/GNO solar neutrino experiments. The BEST collaboration, utilizing a 3.4 MCi 51Cr neutrino source, found observed-to-expected counting rates at two very short baselines of R=0.791 plus/minus 0.05 and 0.766 plus/minus 0.05, respectively. Among recent neutrino experiments, BEST is notable for the simplicity of both its neutrino spectrum, line neutrinos from an electron-capture source whose intensity can be measured to a estimated precision of 0.23%, and its absorption cross section, where the precisely known rate of electron capture to the gallium ground state, 71Ge(e,nue)71Ga(g.s.), establishes a minimum value. However, the absorption cross section uncertainty is a common systematic in the BEST, SAGE, and GALLEX/GNO neutrino source experiments. Here we update that cross section, considering a variety of electroweak corrections and the role of transitions to excited states, to establish both a central value and reasonable uncertainty, thereby enabling a more accurate assessment of the statistical significance of the gallium anomalies. Results are given for 51Cr and 37Ar sources. The revised neutrino capture rates are used in a re-evaluation of the BEST and gallium anomalies.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Testing Lepton Wave Function Factorization in $^{71}\text{Ge}$ Electron Capture
Non-factorized corrections to ⁷¹Ge electron-capture ratios are found negligible for the dominant shells, while a re-averaged experimental world average sits 3.6σ below the predicted L/K ratio.
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A possible solution to the gallium anomaly moving beyond the leptonic wave function factorization
A non-factorized amplitude treatment with a fitted sign-changing nuclear transition density reduces the predicted νe-71Ga capture rate by ~20%, absorbing the gallium anomaly without new physics.
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Solar Model Independent Constraints on the Sterile Neutrino Interpretation of the Gallium Anomaly
A global analysis of solar and KamLAND neutrino data finds that the sterile-neutrino explanation of the gallium anomaly remains disfavored at about 3 sigma or higher under all reasonable modeling assumptions.
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Feldman-Cousins' ML Cousin: Sterile Neutrino Global Fits using Simulation-Based Inference
A two-stage simulation-based inference method, using dropout neural networks and normalizing flows, produces fast approximate credibility regions for 3+1 sterile neutrino global fits.
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