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Krylov complexity of modular Hamiltonian evolution

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arxiv 2306.14732 v1 pith:DQDLTSJH submitted 2023-06-26 hep-th cond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph

classification hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
keywords modularcomplexityentanglementhamiltonianoperatorsspectrumstatesconformal
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We investigate the complexity of states and operators evolved with the modular Hamiltonian by using the Krylov basis. In the first part, we formulate the problem for states and analyse different examples, including quantum mechanics, two-dimensional conformal field theories and random modular Hamiltonians, focusing on relations with the entanglement spectrum. We find that the modular Lanczos spectrum provides a different approach to quantum entanglement, opening new avenues in many-body systems and holography. In the second part, we focus on the modular evolution of operators and states excited by local operators in two-dimensional conformal field theories. We find that, at late modular time, the spread complexity is universally governed by the modular Lyapunov exponent $\lambda^{mod}_L=2\pi$ and is proportional to the local temperature of the modular Hamiltonian. Our analysis provides explicit examples where entanglement entropy is indeed not enough, however the entanglement spectrum is, and encodes the same information as complexity.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Comments on holographic spread complexity

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The momentum–spread-complexity relation requires generalized coherent states adapted to the spacetime symmetry algebra; semiclassical spreading alone cannot produce a momentum–complexity correspondence.

  2. Geometric modular flows in 2d CFT and beyond

    hep-th 2025-02 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    In 2d CFTs, every suitably regular Unruh flow on the Rindler wedge is the modular flow of a state obtained by a conformal unitary acting on the vacuum or thermal state, and local entropy and stress-tensor formulas follow.

  3. The Normalised Wigner Negativity Rate as a Second-Moment Probe of Infall in AdS$_3$

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Normalized Krylov-Wigner negativity rate matches Krylov variance growth and equals tidal stretch rate R ∝ C P_ρ if and only if Δ=1 in AdS3.

  4. From black hole interior to quantum complexity through operator rank

    hep-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The Hartman-Maldacena surface area in a black hole interior bounds the boundary circuit depth from below, rigorously at early times and conjecturally later.

  5. Brickwall One-Loop Determinant: Spectral Statistics & Krylov Complexity

    hep-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In the brickwall model of a BTZ black hole, hand-tuned Gaussian randomness at a stretched horizon reproduces random-matrix-theory spectral statistics and Krylov complexity peaks for scalar and fermionic probes.

  6. Spread complexity for the planar limit of holography

    hep-th 2024-12 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    Spread complexity is generalized to fermionic and supercoherent states, and applied to large-charge rotating strings in AdS5 x S5, yielding Krylov paths that reduce to effective SU(2)/SL(2) coherent-state complexity.

  7. Emergence of Krylov complexity through quantum walks: An exploration of the quantum origins of complexity

    hep-th 2026-02 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Reducing a graph walk to distance-layers reproduces Krylov/spread complexity, yielding analytic finite-q SYK Lanczos coefficients and hypercube complexity D sin²(t/D), with faster saturation than classical-walk circuits.

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