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Gravitational form factors of the pion from lattice QCD
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Gravitational form factors of the pion from lattice QCD
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The two gravitational form factors of the pion, $A^{\pi}(t)$ and $D^{\pi}(t)$, are computed as functions of the momentum transfer squared $t$ in the kinematic region $0\leq -t< 2~\text{GeV}^2$ on a lattice QCD ensemble with quark masses corresponding to a close-to-physical pion mass $m_{\pi}\approx 170~\text{MeV}$ and $N_f=2+1$ quark flavors. The flavor decomposition of these form factors into gluon, up/down light-quark, and strange-quark contributions is presented in the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme at energy scale $\mu=2~\text{GeV}$, with renormalization factors computed nonperturbatively via the RI-MOM scheme. Using monopole and $z$-expansion fits to the gravitational form factors, we obtain estimates for the pion momentum fraction and $D$-term that are consistent with the momentum fraction sum rule and the next-to-leading order chiral perturbation theory prediction for $D^{\pi}(0)$.
Forward citations
Cited by 10 Pith papers
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Mellin Moments of Pion and Kaon Unpolarized PDFs from Nonlocal Operators in Lattice QCD
First lattice QCD results for Mellin moments of pion and kaon unpolarized PDFs from nonlocal operator matrix elements on a 32^3×64 twisted-mass ensemble at m_π=260 MeV, extracted at NNLO and μ=2 GeV.
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The Gravitational Form Factor of the Pion in Perturbative QCD with a Dilaton Interaction
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An effective light-front wave function whose five-dimensional piece comes from holographic QCD yields pion gravitational form factors A(Q^{2}) and D(Q^{2}) that match lattice results after parameter tuning.
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Gravitational form factors of pion and kaon are computed in BLFQ; A(Q^2) agrees with lattice QCD while D(Q^2) is enhanced at low Q^2 due to small-x and zero-mode sensitivity in the truncated model.
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Gluon Gravitational $ D$-Form Factor: The $\sigma$-Meson as a Dilaton Confronted with Lattice Data II
Lattice fits to gluon gravitational form factors support the sigma meson as dilaton with new predictions for rho and delta, reinforcing evidence for scale symmetry in low-energy QCD.
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Light-front quark model calculations with two Gaussian wave functions yield transverse mechanical distributions for pseudoscalar charmonium and bottomonium, showing a nodal pressure and positive force.
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A hadronic approach based on dispersion relations and meson dominance achieves a successful description of lattice QCD data for gravitational form factors of pions and nucleons.
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