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Detecting single gravitons with quantum sensing

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arxiv 2308.15440 v2 pith:AP56IDQU submitted 2023-08-29 quant-ph astro-ph.COgr-qchep-th

classification quant-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-th
keywords singlequantumsignaturesenergyexchangeexperimentsgravitationalgraviton
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The quantization of gravity is widely believed to result in gravitons -- particles of discrete energy that form gravitational waves. But their detection has so far been considered impossible. Here we show that signatures of single graviton exchange can be observed in laboratory experiments. We show that stimulated and spontaneous single-graviton processes can become relevant for massive quantum acoustic resonators and that stimulated absorption can be resolved through continuous sensing of quantum jumps. We analyze the feasibility of observing the exchange of single energy quanta between matter and gravitational waves. Our results show that single graviton signatures are within reach of experiments. In analogy to the discovery of the photo-electric effect for photons, such signatures can provide the first experimental clue of the quantization of gravity.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Suppressed Quantum Effects of Weakly Coupled Waves

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Nonclassical (quantum) signatures of weakly coupled waves are suppressed by an extra power of the tiny conversion efficiency η (~10^-21 for axions, ~10^-33 for gravitons), so experiments cannot establish the quantizat...

  2. Gravitational waves decay in vacuum

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Coherent graviton states that make up classical gravitational waves decay into photon pairs at a rate enhanced by N squared, a purely quantum effect that yields tiny rates for binaries and first photon-injection bound...

  3. Optical gravitational waves as signals of Gravitationally-Decaying Particles

    hep-ph 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A particle that decays only through gravitational channels can produce relic gravitational waves with a narrow optical-frequency spectrum, possibly at an observable abundance near the BBN/CMB bound.

  4. The Challenge of Detecting Quantum Nature of Gravitational Waves

    hep-ph 2026-08 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

    Squeezing of gravitational waves at the source is not an observable resource after projection onto a detector mode; squeezing the detector can in principle witness quantum gravity, but the tiny coupling makes the sign...

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