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A Practical Survey on Zero-shot Prompt Design for In-context Learning

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arxiv 2309.13205 v1 pith:VD2RP63Q submitted 2023-09-22 cs.CL cs.AIcs.ETcs.LG

classification cs.CLcs.AIcs.ETcs.LG
keywords promptdesignllmsperformancetasksevaluationin-contextlanguage
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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The remarkable advancements in large language models (LLMs) have brought about significant improvements in Natural Language Processing(NLP) tasks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of in-context learning techniques, focusing on different types of prompts, including discrete, continuous, few-shot, and zero-shot, and their impact on LLM performance. We explore various approaches to prompt design, such as manual design, optimization algorithms, and evaluation methods, to optimize LLM performance across diverse tasks. Our review covers key research studies in prompt engineering, discussing their methodologies and contributions to the field. We also delve into the challenges faced in evaluating prompt performance, given the absence of a single "best" prompt and the importance of considering multiple metrics. In conclusion, the paper highlights the critical role of prompt design in harnessing the full potential of LLMs and provides insights into the combination of manual design, optimization techniques, and rigorous evaluation for more effective and efficient use of LLMs in various NLP tasks.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Knowing How to Edit: Reliable Evaluation Signals for Diagnosing and Optimizing Prompts at Query Level

    cs.AI 2025-11 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    An execution-free evaluator that predicts prompt-quality metrics guides per-query prompt rewriting, but the reported consistent gains are not supported by the paper's own tables.

  2. CAIM: Development and Evaluation of a Cognitive AI Memory Framework for Long-Term Interaction with Intelligent Agents

    cs.AI 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    CAIM, a cognitive-AI-inspired memory framework with ontology-based tagging and relevance filtering, improves retrieval and response correctness for LLM assistants on the Generated Virtual Dataset compared with MemoryB...

  3. Large Language Models for Next-Generation Wireless Network Management: A Survey and Tutorial

    cs.NI 2025-09 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey and tutorial that organizes LLM-enabled wireless network optimization into formulation, solution, and verification stages, with case studies drawn from the authors' own prior papers.

  4. Prompt Engineering and the Effectiveness of Large Language Models in Enhancing Human Productivity

    cs.HC 2025-05 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey of 243 users finds most agree that clearer prompts improve AI results, yet the study never links real prompting behavior to measured productivity gains.

  5. LLM-Net: Democratizing LLMs-as-a-Service through Blockchain-based Expert Networks

    cs.AI 2025-01 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    LLM-Net, a blockchain-based network of specialized LLM providers with a text-based reputation system, is proposed and illustrated with a single truncated debate simulation that does not validate the stated quality claims.

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