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Emergence of Species Scale Black Hole Horizons

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arxiv 2310.04488 v3 pith:ZLRI67ZR submitted 2023-10-06 hep-th

Emergence of Species Scale Black Hole Horizons

classification hep-th
keywords scaleblackspecieslambdaholederivativedifferentemergence
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The scale at which quantum gravity becomes manifest, the species scale $\Lambda_s$, has recently been argued to take values parametrically lower than the Planck scale. We use black holes of vanishing horizon area (small black holes) in effective field theories coupled to quantum gravity to shed light on how the three different physical manifestations of the species scale $\Lambda_s$ relate to each other. (i) Near the small black hole core, a scalar field runs to infinite distance in moduli space, a regime in which the Swampland Distance Conjecture predicts a tower of exponentially light states, which lower $\Lambda_s$. (ii) We integrate out modes in the tower and generate via Emergence a set of higher derivative corrections, showing that $\Lambda_s$ is the scale at which such terms become relevant. (iii) Finally, higher derivative terms modify the black hole solution and grant it a non-zero, species scale sized stretched horizon of radius $\Lambda_s^{-1}$, showcasing the species scale as the size of the smallest possible black hole describable in the effective theory. We present explicit 4d examples of small black holes in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity, and the 10d example of type IIA D0-branes. The emergence of the species scale horizon for D0-branes requires a non-trivial interplay of different 8-derivative terms in type IIA and M-theory, providing a highly non-trivial check of our unified description of the different phenomena associated to the species scale.

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Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Taxonomy of Instanton Corrections in Infinite Distance Limits

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    The Schwinger integral over light towers captures precisely the instantons with actions in the window (Λ_sp/M_light)^{-1} ≤ S_inst ≤ Λ_sp/M_light, as verified in eight- and seven-dimensional toroidal compactifications.

  2. The CFT Distance Conjecture and Tensionless String Limits in $\mathcal N=2$ Quiver Gauge Theories

    hep-th 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    In N=2 SU quiver theories the large-N Hagedorn temperature depends only on quiver length for linear cases and equals that of N=4 SYM for holographic quivers, with a universal lower bound of 1/sqrt(2) on the exponentia...

  3. Kaluza-Klein tower thresholds and scheme dependence of the species scale

    hep-th 2026-07 accept novelty 6.5

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  4. Taxonomy of Instanton Corrections in Infinite Distance Limits

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    The Schwinger integral over light towers captures precisely those instantons with actions in the window (Λ_sp/M_light)^{-1} ≤ S_inst ≤ Λ_sp/M_light.

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    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 2.0

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