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Highly Significant Detection of X-Ray Polarization from the Brightest Accreting Neutron Star Sco X-1

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arxiv 2311.06359 v3 pith:6REVJFBB submitted 2023-11-10 astro-ph.HE

Highly Significant Detection of X-Ray Polarization from the Brightest Accreting Neutron Star Sco X-1

Fabio La Monaca , Alessandro Di Marco , Juri Poutanen , Matteo Bachetti , Sara E. Motta , Alessandro Papitto , Maura Pilia , Fei Xie
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Stefano Bianchi Anna Bobrikova Enrico Costa Wei Deng Mingyu Ge Giulia Illiano Shu-Mei Jia Henric Krawczynski Eleonora V. Lai Kuan Liu Guglielmo Mastroserio Fabio Muleri John Rankin Paolo Soffitta Alexandra Veledina Filippo Ambrosino Melania Del Santo Wei Chen Javier A. Garcia Philip Kaaret Thomas D. Russell Wen-Hao Wei Shuang-Nan Zhang Chao Zuo Zaven Arzoumanian Massimo Cocchi Andrea Gnarini Ruben Farinelli Keith C. Gendreau Francesco Ursini Martin C. Weisskopf Silvia Zane Ivan Agudo Lucio Angelo Antonelli Luca Baldini Wayne H. Baumgartner Ronaldo Bellazzini Stephen D. Bongiorno Raffaella Bonino Alessandro Brez Niccol\`o Bucciantini Fiamma Capitanio Simone Castellano Elisabetta Cavazzuti Chien-Ting J. Chen Stefano Ciprini Alessandra De Rosa Ettore Del Monte Laura Di Gesu Niccol\`o Di Lalla Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Michal Dovciak Steven R. Ehlert Teruaki Enoto Yuri Evangelista Sergio Fabiani Riccardo Ferrazzoli Shuichi Gunji Kiyoshi Hayashidadag Jeremy Heyl Wataru Iwakiri Svetlana G. Jorstad Vladimir Karas Fabian Kislat Takao Kitaguchi Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak Luca Latronico Ioannis Liodakis Simone Maldera Alberto Manfreda Fre'de'ric Marin Andrea Marinucci Alan P. Marscher Herman L. Marshall Francesco Massaro Giorgio Matt Ikuyuki Mitsuishi Tsunefumi Mizuno Michela Negro Stephen Chi-Yung Ng Stephen L. O'Dell Nicola Omodei Chiara Oppedisano George Pavlov Abel L. Peirson Matteo Perri Melissa Pesce-Rollins Pierre-Olivier Petrucci Andrea Possenti Simonetta Puccetti Brian Ramsey Ajay Ratheesh Oliver J. Roberts Roger W. Romani Carmelo Sgr\`o Patrick Slane Gloria Spandre Douglas A. Swartz Toru Tamagawa Fabrizio Tavecchio Roberto Taverna Yuzuru Tawara Allyn F. Tennant Nicholas Thomas Francesco Tombesi Alessio Trois Sergey S. Tsygankov Roberto Turolla Jacco Vink Kinwah Wu
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keywords polarizationobservedx-rayaccretionanglebrightestconfidenceexpectations
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The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) measured with high significance the X-ray polarization of the brightest Z-source Scorpius X-1, resulting in the nominal 2-8 keV energy band in a polarization degree of 1.0(0.2)% and a polarization angle of 8(6){\deg} at 90% of confidence level. This observation was strictly simultaneous with observations performed by NICER, NuSTAR, and Insight-HXMT, which allowed for a precise characterization of its broad-band spectrum from soft to hard X-rays. The source has been observed mainly in its soft state, with short periods of flaring. We also observed low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. From a spectro-polarimetric analysis, we associate a polarization to the accretion disk at <3.2% at 90% of confidence level, compatible with expectations for an electron-scattering dominated optically thick atmosphere at the Sco X-1 inclination of 44{\deg}; for the higher-energy Comptonized component, we obtain a polarization of 1.3(0.4)%, in agreement with expectations for a slab of Thomson optical depth of ~7 and an electron temperature of ~3 keV. A polarization rotation with respect to previous observations by OSO-8 and PolarLight, and also with respect to the radio-jet position angle, is observed. This result may indicate a variation of the polarization with the source state that can be related to relativistic precession or to a change in the corona geometry with the accretion flow.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

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  1. Peering through the dip: IXPE unveils the extended scattering environment of GX 13+1

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    During the periodic dip of GX 13+1, X-ray polarization rises to 9.1%±1.1% and rotates by ~60° relative to the off-dip state, consistent with scattering in an oblate corona or disk wind.

  2. Unchanged X-Ray Polarization During Accretion Dips in the Low Hard State of Cygnus X-1

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    During Cygnus X-1 accretion dips the 2–8 keV polarization is unchanged within errors, indicating the absorbed disk does not contribute and supporting an extended oblate corona.

  3. The hitchhiker's guide to the IXPE data analysis

    astro-ph.HE 2026-04 conditional novelty 3.0

    A consolidated IXPE data-analysis recipe, with new post-DU2-anomaly background-rejection thresholds fitted to one observation.

  4. The hitchhiker's guide to the IXPE data analysis

    astro-ph.HE 2026-04 accept novelty 2.0

    A user-oriented guide that collects best practices, data formats, and analysis strategies for extracting polarimetric information from IXPE observations.