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Spin alignment of vector mesons in heavy-ion collisions

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arxiv 2205.15689 v3 pith:23WYPDJT submitted 2022-05-31 nucl-th hep-ph

Spin alignment of vector mesons in heavy-ion collisions

classification nucl-th hep-ph
keywords spinalignmentmesonsvectorcoalescencecollisionsdatadependence
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Polarized quarks and antiquarks in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can lead to the spin alignment of vector mesons formed by quark coalescence. Using the relativistic spin Boltzmann equation for vector mesons derived from Kadanoff-Baym equations with an effective quark-meson model for strong interaction and quark coalescence model for hadronizaton, we calculate the spin density matrix element $\rho_{00}$ for $\phi$ mesons and show that anisotropies of local field correlations or fluctuations with respect to the spin quantization direction lead to $\phi$ meson's spin alignment. We propose that the local correlation or fluctuation of $\phi$ fields is the dominant mechanism for the observed the $\phi$ meson's spin alignment and its strength can be extracted from experimental data as functions of collision energies. The calculated transverse momentum dependence of $\rho_{00}$ agrees with STAR's data. We further predict the azimuthal angle dependence of $\rho_{00}$ which can be tested in future experiments.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

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  1. Spin Femtoscopy: A Framework for Revealing Genuine Spin Correlations

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  2. Vector-Meson Spin Alignment from Anisotropic Quark or Hadron Coalescence

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Anisotropic quark or hadron coalescence in heavy-ion collisions generates vector-meson spin alignment whose sign distinguishes bare-vector from spin-orbit-coupled production vertices.

  3. Pseudo-Gauge Stabilizers and Fibration Structure of the Cooper--Frye Map at Freeze-Out

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