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The XENONnT Dark Matter Experiment
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The XENONnT Dark Matter Experiment
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The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.9 tonnes of cryogenic liquid xenon (8.5 tonnes total mass in cryostat). The experiment is expected to extend the sensitivity to WIMP dark matter by more than an order of magnitude compared to XENON1T, thanks to the larger active mass and the significantly reduced background, improved by novel systems such as a radon removal plant and a neutron veto. This article describes the XENONnT experiment and its sub-systems in detail and reports on the detector performance during the first science run.
Forward citations
Cited by 10 Pith papers
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HERETIX: A Hermetic, Enriched, Rare-Event Time Projection Chamber in Xenon
HERETIX is a proposed dual-purpose xenon TPC design projecting 3.2e28 year 0νββ half-life sensitivity after 10 years while retaining WIMP search capability.
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Probing the Solar $^8$B Neutrino Fog with XENONnT
XENONnT measures solar 8B neutrino coherent scattering at 3.3 sigma, finds no light dark matter, and constrains the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer.
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Light Dark Matter Search with 7.8 Tonne-Year of Ionization-Only Data in XENONnT
An S2-only analysis of 7.83 tonne-years of XENONnT data finds no dark matter excess and sets 90% CL limits, e.g. 6.0e-45 cm^2 for spin-independent scattering at 5 GeV/c^2.
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Enhanced Stellar Production of Weakly Interacting Slim Particles from Non-Thermal Nuclear Cascades
Non-thermal photon cascades via Compton reprocessing and positron annihilation in stars create a broad photon spectrum that substantially boosts photon-coupled WISP production, as shown for solar dark photons.
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Dark QCD Origin of the NANOGrav Signal and Self-Interacting Dark Matter
A dark QCD model with a first-order phase transition at 5-6 MeV produces the NANOGrav SGWB amplitude while supplying self-interacting dark matter via a 40 GeV baryon and 20-50 MeV dilaton, linked by entropy dilution.
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Direct detection of solar chameleons with electron recoil data from XENONnT
XENONnT electron-recoil data bound solar chameleons to log10 β_eff < −6.9, independent of the potential index n for inverse power-law chameleons at the dark-energy scale.
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Performance of FBK VUV-HD3 and HPK VUV4 SiPMs in the Light-only Liquid Xenon (LoLX) Detector
In-situ comparison in liquid xenon finds HPK VUV4 SiPMs detect 33–38% less scintillation light than FBK VUV-HD3 SiPMs, attributed to surface shadowing at oblique photon incidence.
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Performance of FBK VUV-HD3 and HPK VUV4 SiPMs in the Light-only Liquid Xenon (LoLX) Detector
In liquid xenon, HPK VUV4 SiPMs detect 33-38% less light than FBK VUV-HD3 devices; the gap matches data only after an angular/wavelength-dependent PDE model that includes surface shadowing is used in the optical simulation.
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Super-Kamiokande Strongly Constrains Leptophilic Dark Matter Capture in the Sun
Super-Kamiokande data constrains the DM-electron scattering cross-section for leptophilic dark matter to ~4e-41 cm2 below 100 GeV, exceeding direct detection by over an order of magnitude.
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Low-Energy Nuclear Recoil Calibration of XENONnT with a $^{88}$YBe Photoneutron Source
XENONnT extracted nuclear recoil light and charge yields in liquid xenon from 0.3 to 5 keV_NR using 474 events from a ⁸⁸YBe source after subtracting 55 background events.
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