Photoassociation of multiple cold molecules in a dipole trap

The generation of cold molecules is a core topic in the field of cold atoms and molecules, which has advanced relevant research like ultracold chemistry, quantum computation, and quantum metrology. With high atomic phase space density, optical dipole trap has been widely performed to prepare and trap cold molecules, and can also be further developed for multiple cold molecule formation and dynamics study. In this work, Rb2 molecules are photoassociated in the magneto-optical trap to obtain precise rovibrational spectroscopy, which provides accurate numerical references for multiple photoassociations. By achieving the harsh requirements of photoassociation in the optical dipole trap, the cold molecule photoassociation process is well explored, and different rovibrational cold molecules are formed in the optical dipole trap for the first time. This method can be universally extended to simultaneously photoassociate various molecules with different internal states or atomic species in just one optical dipole trap, and then advance generous cold molecule research such as cold molecule collision dynamics.