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Constraints on conformal ultralight dark matter couplings from the European Pulsar Timing Array
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Millisecond pulsars are extremely precise celestial clocks: as they rotate, the beamed radio waves emitted along the axis of their magnetic field can be detected with radio telescopes, which allows for tracking subtle changes in the pulsars' rotation periods. A possible effect on the period of a pulsar is given by a potential coupling to dark matter, in cases where it is modeled with an "ultralight" scalar field. In this paper, we consider a universal conformal coupling of the dark matter scalar to gravity, which in turn mediates an effective coupling between pulsars and dark matter. If the dark matter scalar field is changing in time, as expected in the Milky Way, this effective coupling produces a periodic modulation of the pulsar rotational frequency. By studying the time series of observed radio pulses collected by the European Pulsar Timing Array experiment, we present constraints on the coupling of dark matter, improving on existing bounds. These bounds can also be regarded as constraints on the parameters of scalar-tensor theories of the Fierz-Jordan-Brans-Dicke and Damour-Esposito-Far\`{e}se types in the presence of a (light) mass potential term.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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Correlated signals of ultralight scalar dark matter in pulsar timing
A finite-spatial-correlation Gaussian-field prior for PTA ULDM signals interpolates between fully correlated and uncorrelated limits and is validated on blinded mock data for linear and quadratic couplings.
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Pulsar Timing Sensitivity to Dark Matter Substructure in the Presence of a Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
A stochastic GWB suppresses PTA reach to DM substructure by 1–3 orders of magnitude relative to white-noise forecasts, with dynamic Shapiro least affected near 10^{-2} M_⊙.
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Probing Quadratically Coupled Ultralight Dark Matter with Pulsar Timing Arrays
For quadratically coupled ultralight dark matter, pulsar timing arrays can set competitive coherent-signal limits at 10^-24–10^-22 eV, while stochastic-signal limits remain weaker than equivalence-principle constraint...
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Ultralight dark matter search in a large liquid scintillator detector
A JUNO-like detector could constrain the neutrino–ultralight-dark-matter oscillation-modulation parameters to ηΔ21 < 2.5×10^-2 and ηΔ31 < 5×10^-3 at 90% CL.
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Constraints on minimally and conformally coupled ultralight dark matter with the EPTA
The EPTA data rule out ultralight dark matter beyond a few tenths of the local density and place orders-of-magnitude stronger limits on scalar couplings to matter.
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