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M$^3$CoT: A Novel Benchmark for Multi-Domain Multi-step Multi-modal Chain-of-Thought

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arxiv 2405.16473 v1 pith:RPQUIKIE submitted 2024-05-26 cs.CV cs.AIcs.CL

classification cs.CVcs.AIcs.CL
keywords mcotmulti-modalmulti-domainmulti-stepbenchmarkchain-of-thoughtreasoningvisual
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Multi-modal Chain-of-Thought (MCoT) requires models to leverage knowledge from both textual and visual modalities for step-by-step reasoning, which gains increasing attention. Nevertheless, the current MCoT benchmark still faces some challenges: (1) absence of visual modal reasoning, (2) single-step visual modal reasoning, and (3) Domain missing, thereby hindering the development of MCoT. Motivated by this, we introduce a novel benchmark (M$^3$CoT) to address the above challenges, advancing the multi-domain, multi-step, and multi-modal CoT. Additionally, we conduct a thorough evaluation involving abundant MCoT approaches on Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs). In addition, we highlight that the current VLLMs still struggle to correctly reason in M$^3$CoT and there remains a large gap between existing VLLMs and human performance in M$^3$CoT, despite their superior results on previous MCoT benchmarks. To our knowledge, we take the first meaningful step toward the multi-domain, multi-step, and multi-modal scenario in MCoT. We hope that M$^3$CoT can serve as a valuable resource, providing a pioneering foundation in multi-domain, multi-step, multi-modal chain-of-thought research.

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Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning Embedded in Aerial Vehicle Imagery: Benchmarking, Analysis, and Exploration

    cs.CV 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Even the strongest tested vision-language model, GPT-4o, answers only about a third of the new AVI-Math aerial-imagery math questions correctly.

  2. ST-Veto: Spatio-Temporal Token Veto for Diffusion MLLMs via Taylor Prediction and Visual Grounding

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    ST-Veto improves reasoning in diffusion MLLMs by vetoing temporally unstable tokens and tokens with weak image grounding, swapping in safer near-boundary candidates.

  3. BVS: Bayesian Visual Search with Multimodal Large Language Model for Fine-grained Perception

    cs.CV 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    BVS combines early-stop attention rollout priors with a scale-aware non-stationary kernel and GP-UCB to locate tiny objects in UHR images more accurately and with fewer MLLM queries than prior visual-search methods.

  4. AIM-CoT: Active Information-driven Multimodal Chain-of-Thought for Vision-Language Reasoning

    cs.CV 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    AIM-CoT improves multimodal chain-of-thought by selecting image regions that reduce predictive uncertainty and inserting them when attention shifts toward the visual input.

  5. HumanPCR: Probing MLLM Capabilities in Diverse Human-Centric Scenes

    cs.CV 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A hierarchical benchmark for multimodal models on human-centric visual understanding finds frontier models average under 60% and miss question-uncued visual evidence, with test-time scaling helping only marginally.

  6. MMAT-1M: A Large Reasoning Dataset for Multimodal Agent Tuning

    cs.CV 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new one-million-sample multimodal agent tuning dataset with GPT-4o-generated rationales, reflection, and tool/RAG calls is shown to improve fine-tuned models, though training/eval benchmark overlap is not addressed.

  7. VFaith: Do Large Multimodal Models Really Reason on Seen Images Rather than Previous Memories?

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new benchmark with edited-image question pairs shows that multimodal reasoning models lose accuracy when visual cues change, suggesting their reasoning is often not faithfully tied to the image.

  8. MIND: Multi-rationale INtegrated Discriminative Reasoning Framework for Multi-modal Large Models

    cs.AI 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    MIND improves multimodal reasoning by training on diverse correct and deliberately wrong rationales with two-stage correction and contrastive alignment, reporting SOTA on ScienceQA, A-OKVQA, and M3CoT.

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