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Unisolver: PDE-Conditional Transformers Towards Universal Neural PDE Solvers

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arxiv 2405.17527 v5 pith:5MF7HQME submitted 2024-05-27 cs.LG cs.AIcs.NAmath.NA

Unisolver: PDE-Conditional Transformers Towards Universal Neural PDE Solvers

classification cs.LG cs.AIcs.NAmath.NA
keywords pdessolversunisolverneuraldatadiversetransformercomponents
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Deep models have recently emerged as promising tools to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), known as neural PDE solvers. While neural solvers trained from either simulation data or physics-informed loss can solve PDEs reasonably well, they are mainly restricted to a few instances of PDEs, e.g. a certain equation with a limited set of coefficients. This limits their generalization to diverse PDEs, preventing them from being practical surrogate models of numerical solvers. In this paper, we present Unisolver, a novel Transformer model trained on diverse data and conditioned on diverse PDEs, aiming towards a universal neural PDE solver capable of solving a wide scope of PDEs. Instead of purely scaling up data and parameters, Unisolver stems from the theoretical analysis of the PDE-solving process. Inspired by the mathematical structure of PDEs that a PDE solution is fundamentally governed by a series of PDE components such as equation symbols and boundary conditions, we define a complete set of PDE components and flexibly embed them as domain-wise and point-wise deep conditions for Transformer PDE solvers. Integrating physical insights with recent Transformer advances, Unisolver achieves consistent state-of-the-art on three challenging large-scale benchmarks, showing impressive performance and generalizability. Code is available at https://github.com/thuml/Unisolver.

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