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Direct Detection of the Millicharged Background

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arxiv 2407.21096 v1 pith:665UEQVC submitted 2024-07-30 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

Direct Detection of the Millicharged Background

classification hep-ph astro-ph.CO
keywords darkdetectiondirectexperimentsmattereffectiveparticlessensitive
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We show that dark matter direct detection experiments are sensitive to the existence of particles with a small effective charge (for instance, via couplings to a kinetically mixed, low-mass dark photon). Our forecasts do not depend on these particles comprising a significant fraction of the dark matter. Rather, these experiments are sensitive to the irreducible abundance produced in the early universe through the freeze-in mechanism. We find that ongoing and proposed direct detection experiments will have world-leading sensitivity to effective charges $Q\sim 10^{-12}$ across nine orders of magnitude in mass, corresponding to a dark matter sub-fraction as low as $\sim 10^{-3}$.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Direct Detection of Millicharged Particles from Supernovae

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Calculations show millicharged particles from supernovae can produce over 10 electron-recoil events per year in major detectors for millicharge 10^{-9} and sub-MeV to MeV masses, improving SN cooling bounds by up to a...

  2. Multipolar Dark Matter Freeze-out in an Early Matter-Dominated Universe

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Entropy dilution from early matter domination reduces the couplings needed for multipolar dark matter to match the observed relic density, reopening regions excluded under radiation domination.

  3. New benchmarks for direct detection of freeze-in dark matter in vector portal models

    hep-ph 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Freeze-in at low reheating temperatures allows MeV-scale dark matter in vector portal models to be probed by future direct detection experiments in nuclear recoils for 50-500 MeV masses and via enhanced solar neutrino...

  4. Millicharged Particle Constraints from Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    New upper bounds on millicharged particles (masses 10-100 keV, charges down to 5e-13) from the AGB-to-HB star ratio in globular clusters, improving prior limits by up to two orders of magnitude.