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Model Independent Tests of the Hadronic Vacuum Polarization Contribution to the Muon g-2
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Model Independent Tests of the Hadronic Vacuum Polarization Contribution to the Muon g-2
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The hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contributions to the muon $g$$-$$2$ are the crucial quantity to resolve whether new physics is present or not in the comparison between the Standard Model (SM) prediction and experimental measurements at Fermilab. They are commonly and historically determined via dispersion relations using a vast catalogue of experimentally measured, low-energy $e^+e^-\to \,\rm{hadrons}$ cross section data as input. These dispersive estimates result in a SM prediction that exhibits a muon $g$$-$$2$ discrepancy of more than $5\sigma$ when compared to experiment. However, recent lattice QCD evaluations of the HVP and a new hadronic cross section measurement from the CMD-3 experiment favor a no-new-physics scenario and, therefore, exhibit a common tension with the previous $e^+e^-\to \,\rm{hadrons}$ data. This study explores the current and future implications of these two scenarios on other observables that are also sensitive to the HVP contributions in the hope that they may provide independent tests of the current tensions observed in the muon $g$$-$$2$.
Forward citations
Cited by 11 Pith papers
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Higher-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $g-2$ from lattice QCD
Lattice QCD yields the NLO HVP contribution to muon g-2 as -101.57(26)stat(54)syst ×10^{-11}, 1.4σ below the 2025 White Paper estimate and twice as precise.
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Lattice determination of the higher-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $g-2$
Lattice QCD gives a_μ^{hvp,nlo} = (-101.57 ± 0.60) × 10^{-11} at 0.6% precision, 1.4σ below the 2025 White Paper estimate and in 4.6σ tension with pre-CMD-3 data-driven results.
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Light new physics and the $\tau$ lepton dipole moments: prospects at Belle II
Light new particles generate asymmetries in e+e- to tau+tau- that allow model-dependent constraints on tau dipole moments, including non-zero effects without electron polarization via imaginary parts.
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The running of the electroweak gauge couplings from first principles
Lattice QCD plus pQCD matching yields Δα_had^(5)(M_Z²)=0.027821(34)lat(35)pQCD at 0.17% precision and a up-to-7σ tension with e+e- data near 1 GeV².
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Lepton $g-2$ non-universality of hadronic contributions and a sub-GeV window to New Physics
A rescaled difference a_μ-e of lepton g-2 values cancels short-distance effects and cuts hadronic vacuum polarization uncertainty by ~85%, offering a cleaner probe for sub-GeV new physics.
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Muon $g$$-$2: correlation-induced uncertainties in precision data combinations
A general framework quantifies correlation-induced uncertainties in precision data combinations and applies it to e+e- to hadrons cross sections for muon g-2 HVP determinations.
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Light new physics and the $\tau$ lepton dipole moments
This work provides a comprehensive analysis of light new physics contributions to tau lepton dipole moments, detailing interpretations of asymmetry measurements for spin-0 and spin-1 bosons, their decoupling to the EF...
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Four-fermion operators, $Z$-boson exchange, and $\tau$ lepton dipole moments
Z-boson exchange contributes ~3e-6 to the relevant asymmetries while four-fermion operators can reach ~1e-5 times Wilson coefficients, with loop insertions offering an additional path to a_tau without beam polarization.
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Probing $\tau$ lepton dipole moments at future Lepton Colliders
Future lepton colliders can improve existing constraints on the tau lepton's dipole moments by several orders of magnitude through complementary channels.
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The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Standard Model: an update
The updated SM prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic moment is 116592033(62)×10^{-11}, showing no tension with the experimental average of 38(63)×10^{-11}.
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Muon lifetime and Fermi constant: an update
Updated Δq = (−4 384 678 ± 34)×10^{-9} reduces theory error on the muon lifetime by an order of magnitude and gives G_F = 1.166 378 59(59)×10^{-5} GeV^{-2}.
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