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Gravitational-Wave Tests of General Relativity with Ground-Based Detectors and Pulsar-Timing Arrays
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This review is focused on tests of Einstein's theory of general relativity with gravitational waves that are detectable by ground-based interferometers and pulsar-timing experiments. Einstein's theory has been greatly constrained in the quasi-linear, quasi-stationary regime, where gravity is weak and velocities are small. Gravitational waves are allowing us to probe a complimentary, yet previously unexplored regime: the non-linear and dynamical \emph{extreme gravity regime}. Such a regime is, for example, applicable to compact binaries coalescing, where characteristic velocities can reach fifty percent the speed of light and gravitational fields are large and dynamical. This review begins with the theoretical basis and the predicted gravitational-wave observables of modified gravity theories. The review continues with a brief description of the detectors, including both gravitational-wave interferometers and pulsar-timing arrays, leading to a discussion of the data analysis formalism that is applicable for such tests. The review then discusses gravitational-wave tests using compact binary systems, and ends with a description of the first gravitational wave observations by advanced LIGO, the stochastic gravitational wave background observations by pulsar timing arrays, and the tests that can be performed with them..
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Testing General Relativity with GWTC-4.0 through mixture models
A mixture-model framework for combining gravitational-wave tests of General Relativity yields Bayes factors of 10-20 favoring GR, substantially lower than existing methods that assume uniform deviations across events.
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Scalarization and descalarization in hyperbolic encounters of black holes
Numerical relativity in the decoupling limit reveals dynamical scalarization and spin-induced (de)scalarization during hyperbolic black hole encounters for both signs of the coupling.
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Testing General Relativity with Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
A framework is developed to test beyond-GR effects in nanohertz continuous waves from individual SMBHBs, deriving modified inter-pulsar correlations, antenna responses, and phase delays for three deviation classes, va...
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Ringing of rapidly rotating black holes in effective field theory
Leading-order cubic-curvature corrections to scalar quasinormal modes of black holes with spins up to 0.99M are computed numerically for modes up to l=5 with relative errors below 10^{-4}.
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Black Hole Spectroscopy and Tests of General Relativity with GW250114
GW250114 data confirm the remnant is consistent with a Kerr black hole and bound the dominant quadrupolar mode frequency to within a few percent of the GR prediction, with constraints tighter than prior multi-event catalogs.
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Boson Stars in Teleparallel Gravity with a Nonminimally Coupled Field: The Violation of Energy Conditions and Gravitational Waveforms from EMRIs
Boson stars in teleparallel gravity with nonminimal coupling show negative energy density and energy-condition violation in excited states, with EMRI waveforms potentially detectable by LISA.
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Nonlinear Stability of Kerr-Sen Black Holes in Merging Binaries
Head-on binary black hole simulations in EMDA theory show dilaton and axion fields persist through merger, indicating nonlinear stability of Kerr-Sen black holes and scalarization of initially unscalarized solutions.
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