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Linear Convergence of Diffusion Models Under the Manifold Hypothesis
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abstract
Score-matching generative models have proven successful at sampling from complex high-dimensional data distributions. In many applications, this distribution is believed to concentrate on a much lower $d$-dimensional manifold embedded into $D$-dimensional space; this is known as the manifold hypothesis. The current best-known convergence guarantees are either linear in $D$ or polynomial (superlinear) in $d$. The latter exploits a novel integration scheme for the backward SDE. We take the best of both worlds and show that the number of steps diffusion models require in order to converge in Kullback-Leibler~(KL) divergence is linear (up to logarithmic terms) in the intrinsic dimension $d$. Moreover, we show that this linear dependency is sharp.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Fast Score-Based Sampling via Log-Concave Reductions
Score-based sampling reduces to a short sequence of strongly log-concave sampling problems, giving √d polylog(1/ε) complexity bounds and logarithmic dependence on the condition number for log-concave targets.
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MAD: Manifold Attracted Diffusion
Score-based diffusion can be modified at inference time so that samples from noisy training data are pulled toward the clean data manifold.
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Faster Diffusion Models via Higher-Order Approximation
A new higher-order ODE sampler for diffusion models is proven to reach ε total-variation accuracy with eO(d^{1+2/K}/ε^{1/K}) iterations under mild assumptions.
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Assessing the Quality of Denoising Diffusion Models in Wasserstein Distance: Noisy Score and Optimal Bounds
Denoising diffusion models achieve Wasserstein-2 sampling error of order √D/K up to logarithmic factors for a broad class of distributions, matching the Gaussian lower bound, and score-evaluation noise vanishes as the...
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Implicit Regularisation in Diffusion Models: An Algorithm-Dependent Generalisation Analysis
Score stability bounds the generalization gap of diffusion models, identifying early stopping, coarse discretization, and SGD noise as sources of implicit regularization.
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Fast Convergence for High-Order ODE Solvers in Diffusion Probabilistic Models
A TV convergence bound O(d^{7/4} ε^{1/2} + d(dH)^p) is proved for p-th order (exponential) Runge-Kutta samplers of probability-flow ODEs under C² smoothness of the learned score.
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