Pith. sign in

REVIEW 4 major objections 3 minor 3 cited by

Flat limit of AdS/CFT from AdS geodesics: scattering amplitudes and antipodal matching of Li\'enard-Wiechert fields

T0 review · 4 major / 3 minor · reviewed 2026-08-12 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read This paper shows that flat-space scattering amplitudes can be constructed from CFT boundary operators inserted at the points where AdS geodesics hit the boundary, and that the same geodesic times produce the antipodal matching of…

desk verdict A solid AdS Liénard-Wiechert computation carries a paper whose S-matrix construction is a stated postulate, not a derivation; worth refereeing, with heavy revision expected. read the letter →

arxiv 2411.08540 v3 pith:UFMCB2ID submitted 2024-11-13 hep-th gr-qcmath-phmath.MP

Sarthak Duary , Shivam Upadhyay This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-thgr-qcmath-phmath.MP
keywords AdS/CFTcorrespondenceflatspacelimitSgeodesicsscatteringamplitudesLiénard-WiechertfieldsantipodalmatchingnullinfinitySO(32)isometries
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

This paper tries to establish that the flat-space limit of AdS/CFT can be understood directly through geodesics in Anti-de Sitter space, without relying on the usual step of bulk operator reconstruction. Its central claim is that flat-space creation and annihilation operators can be written as integrals over boundary CFT operators whose insertion times are the travel times of particle geodesics to the AdS boundary: $\pi/2$ for massless particles and $\pi/2 + (i/2)\log((\omega_p+m)/(\omega_p-m))$ for massive ones. As the AdS radius grows, the phase in the integral oscillates rapidly except at those times, so a saddle-point argument picks out a narrow window of operator insertions. The paper verifies this prescription by reproducing the free-field 2-point scattering amplitude for massless and massive scalars, then applies the same geodesic logic to electromagnetism: a boosted charge in AdS, obtained by an isometry from a static charge, produces field strengths that are antipodally matched between boundary regions separated by a global time difference of $\pi$, which becomes the flat-space antipodal matching near spatial infinity in the large-radius limit. A sympathetic reader would care because this offers a concrete, geometric way to extract flat-space observables from the boundary CFT.

What carries the argument

The key object is the geodesic travel time from the origin of global AdS to its conformal boundary: $\Delta\tau = \pi/2$ for null geodesics and $\Delta\tau = \pi/2 + (i/2)\log((\omega_p+m)/(\omega_p-m))$ for timelike geodesics of a particle with energy $\omega_p$ and mass $m$. This single number appears in the phase of the boundary integral representation of flat-space creation and annihilation operators, $a_{\text{out/in}} \sim \int d\tau \, e^{i \omega_p L (\tau \mp \Delta\tau)} O(\tau, \pm\hat{p})$. The argument relies on a large-$L$ saddle-point approximation: the rapidly oscillating phase selects a narrow $O(1/L)$ window of global time around the geodesic arrival time, turning the boundary operator integral into a wavepacket extractor. For the electromagnetic part, the machinery is the isometry group $\mathrm{SO}(3,2)$ of AdS: starting from the static Coulomb solution, a boost along the particle's momentum produces the Liénard-Wiechert field of a moving charge, and the field strength is then compared at boundary points related by the antipodal map, which keeps $\rho$ invariant and sends $\tau$ to $\tau+\pi$ and $\hat{x}$ to $-\hat{x}$.

What would settle it

Compute a boundary three-point correlation function in a weakly coupled scalar theory with a cubic interaction, apply the geodesic insertion prescription of equation (4.1) to each external leg, and take the $L\to\infty$ limit; if the result does not match the flat-space three-particle S-matrix element obtained by the standard reduction of correlation functions to scattering amplitudes, the saddle-point construction does not extend beyond free fields.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The paper's central claim is that the flat-space S-matrix can be read off from boundary CFT correlators by evaluating operators at the arrival times of geodesics in global AdS. For a massless scalar of momentum $p$, the outgoing creation operator is written as $a^\dagger_{\text{out},p} \sim \int d\tau \, e^{i \omega_p L (\pi/2 - \tau)} O(\tau, \hat{p})$, with the incoming operator sitting at $\tau = -\pi/2$; for a massive particle of mass $m$ and energy $\omega_p$, the arrival time is complex, $\tau = \pi/2 + (i/2)\log((\omega_p+m)/(\omega_p-m))$, reflecting the fact that timelike geodesics in AdS never reach the boundary at real times. The exponential phase is engineered so that, as $L\to\infty$, only a window of width $O(1/L)$ around these times contributes, which is the geodesic-dominance (saddle-point) mechanism. The paper then constructs the Liénard-Wiechert field of a uniformly moving charge in AdS by applying an $\mathrm{SO}(3,2)$ boost to the static Coulomb solution, and shows that the leading field strengths on the boundary regions at $\tau = \pi/2$ and $\tau = -\pi/2$ are antipodally matched: the field at direction $\hat{x}$ on the 'future' region equals the field at $-\hat{x}$ on the 'past' region. In the flat limit this becomes exactly the antipodal matching condition at spatial infinity, $\lim_{r\to\infty} r^2 F_{ru}(\hat{x})|_{I_-^+} = \lim_{r\to\infty} r^2 F_{rv}(-\hat{x})|_{I_+^-}$, the matching condition conjectured in the study of the infrared structure of gauge theories.

Load-bearing premise

The dictionary rests on the assumption that in the large-radius limit, the oscillatory phase in the boundary integral localizes to a narrow window around the geodesic travel time; if this saddle-point dominance fails in interacting theories, the central claim collapses.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • The free-field 2-point scattering amplitude is reproduced from CFT correlators for both massless and massive scalars after fixing a normalization constant, so the geodesic insertion prescription is consistent with the standard flat-space result.
  • Massive particles are naturally incorporated by allowing complex insertion times; the imaginary shift $\frac{1}{2}\log\frac{\omega_p+m}{\omega_p-m}$ encodes the boost factor and shows that timelike infinity in flat space is reached by analytic continuation in the CFT global time.
  • The antipodal matching of flat-space Liénard-Wiechert fields is derived rather than assumed: it follows from the $\Delta\tau = \pi$ antipodal identification of AdS boundary regions, which becomes the spatial-infinity matching in the flat limit.
  • The construction provides a shortcut to flat-space amplitudes that bypasses explicit bulk reconstruction: once the geodesic travel time is known, the dictionary equation gives the S-matrix elements directly from boundary operators.
  • The mapping of CFT boundary strips around $\tau = \pm \pi/2$ to future and past null infinity $I^\pm$, and the intervening region to spatial infinity, is a direct geometric consequence of the geodesic travel times.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • If the saddle-point dominance holds in interacting theories, the same geodesic dictionary should produce flat-space three- and higher-point amplitudes from CFT correlators; a natural test is to compute the flat limit of a boundary three-point function and compare it with the known flat-space cubic amplitude.
  • The complex arrival time for massive particles suggests a dictionary between massive flat-space particles and CFT operators at imaginary global times, which may connect to analytic continuations used in celestial-holography approaches and to recent constructions of massive Carrollian fields at timelike infinity.
  • The antipodal matching obtained from a single boost suggests that any free field with a known static solution in AdS can be carried by isometries to a moving solution with the same $\Delta\tau=\pi$ matching; generalizing to arbitrary trajectories or to gravitational perturbations would be a strong test of the proposal.
  • The geodesic perspective may offer a way to derive infrared effects such as soft theorems and memory from AdS/CFT, since these effects are tied to the same spatial-infinity matching that the paper reproduces.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

4 major / 3 minor

Summary. Using global AdS_4 and its embedding in R^{3,2}, the paper computes the global-time travel of radial null and timelike geodesics from the origin to the conformal boundary, obtaining Δτ=π/2 for massless and Δτ=π/2+(i/2)log((ω_p+m)/(ω_p-m)) for massive particles. It then proposes, in Eq. (4.1), that flat-space creation and annihilation operators can be obtained from boundary operator integrals with phases iω_p L(τ∓geodesic travel time), and attempts to verify this by a spectral-decomposition computation of the two-point function in Section 6. In the second half, the paper constructs the Liénard-Wiechert field of a boosted charge in AdS by applying SO(3,2) boosts to the static solution and shows that, along null geodesics to the boundary in the L→∞ limit, the field obeys the antipodal matching expected at flat-space spatial infinity.

Significance. The proposed geodesic-time insertion rule would be an appealing short-cut to flat-space S-matrix elements from CFT data, and the SO(3,2)-boost derivation of antipodal matching connects the flat-holography literature to classical electrodynamics in AdS. The geodesic travel-time formulas and the flat-space Liénard-Wiechert limits are presented transparently. However, the main S-matrix statement is an ansatz rather than a derivation, and its only quantitative check—the free two-point function—contains algebraic, normalization, and sign errors. The paper does not provide an interacting amplitude or a derivation of the saddle-point dominance from HKLL reconstruction; the antipodal-matching computation is also affected by an error in the seed static field. These issues are fixable, but they currently leave the advertised central claims unsupported.

major comments (4)
  1. [§4.1, Eq. (4.1)] The central construction is assumed, not derived. The text states that the authors 'avoid the detailed steps of bulk operator reconstruction' and 'directly write down the formulas using a saddle-point approximation.' But Eq. (4.1) has a phase that is linear in τ, so a standard saddle point in the τ integral does not exist; the selection of τ=geodesic travel time must come from the spectral phase of the CFT correlator. No derivation from the bulk path integral or HKLL reconstruction is given, and the only check in Section 6 is the free-field two-point function, which is fixed by conformal symmetry and carries no information about interactions. The paper should either derive Eq. (4.1) or explicitly present it as a conjecture and test it on a connected four-point function; otherwise the claim that flat-space amplitudes can be constructed this way is not established.
  2. [§6.1, Eqs. (6.7)-(6.12)] The massless two-point calculation contains large-L counting and normalization errors. After the substitutions τ-π/2=t/L and τ'+π/2=t'/L, the measure is dτ dτ'=L^{-2}dt dt'; Eqs. (6.7) and (6.9) instead contain a factor L^2, changing the L-scaling by four powers. In addition, substituting the normalization constant from Eq. (6.11) into Eq. (6.10) gives G=2π δ^{(3)}(p_1-p_2), not the claimed G=2ω_{p1} δ^{(3)}(p_1-p_2) in Eq. (6.12); the factor 2ω is missing. The step from Eq. (6.9) to Eq. (6.10) also omits the density of states and the scaling of the spectral coefficients C_{n,l} needed to convert the sum over n,l,m into a three-dimensional delta function. Since this is the only check of the massless construction, the calculation must be redone.
  3. [§6.2, Eqs. (6.13)-(6.19)] The massive phases are inconsistent with the stated geodesic travel times. For an outgoing insertion at τ=π/2+(i/2)log((ω_2+m)/(ω_2-m)), Eq. (4.1) requires a phase exp[iω_2 L(τ-π/2-(i/2)log(...))]. Eq. (6.13) instead contains exp[-iω_2 L(π/2-(i/2)log(...)-τ)] = exp[iω_2 L(τ-π/2+(i/2)log(...))], which is stationary at π/2-(i/2)log(...), the opposite sign. Eq. (6.14) is stationary at -π/2+(i/2)log(...), while Eq. (6.15) assigns incoming insertions the shift -i/2 log(...). Consequently, the statement that the extra exponential drops when both insertions have Im τ=+1/2 log is not obtained from the written integrals. The contour signs and the saddle points need to be corrected before the massive two-point check can be assessed.
  4. [§7.3, Eq. (7.25)] The static seed solution used for the AdS Liénard-Wiechert derivation is not computed correctly. If A_τ=Q cotρ is a covariant component, then ∂_ρ A_τ=-Q csc^2ρ and the connection term -tanρ A_τ=-Q gives F_{ρτ}=-Q(csc^2ρ+1); if A^τ=Q cotρ is an upper component, the covariant component is A_τ=-L^2 sec^2ρ Q cotρ and the field strength is different again. The expression in Eq. (7.25), -Q(cosρ+sin^2ρ)/sin^2ρ, matches neither. Since the boosted field in Eq. (7.40) is built from this seed, the derivation of the AdS Liénard-Wiechert field is not self-consistent as written; the limiting antipodal-matching results in Section 7.4 should be re-derived from the correct seed.
minor comments (3)
  1. [§6.1, Eqs. (6.6)-(6.7)] In going from Eq. (6.6) to Eq. (6.7), the arguments of the two operators are changed from (τ, p̂2) and (τ', -p̂1) to (t/L+π/2, p̂1) and (t'/L-π/2, -p̂2). The momentum labels should be tracked consistently.
  2. [§6.2, text below Eq. (6.15)] The text refers to 'incoming modes with negative ω_p'; for incoming particles the energy should be positive. Please clarify the intended sign convention.
  3. [References] Reference [25] has a corrupted author name ('Soko/suppress lowski'); it should presumably read L. M. Sokołowski.

Circularity Check

3 steps flagged · score 6.0 of 10

Central S-matrix formula is an imposed ansatz; the 2-point 'check' is a consistency check and the massive contour shift is chosen to reproduce free-field kinematics.

  1. self definitional [Section 4.1, Eq. (4.1)]
    "In our approach, we can avoid the detailed steps of bulk operator reconstruction and the extraction of the flat space creation and annihilation operators, the process can be simplified by directly writing down the formulas using a saddle-point approximation. We require that integrals over global time remain highly oscillatory as L → ∞, unless operators are evaluated within regions of size O(1/L) around τ = geodesic travel time. This oscillatory behavior constrains the function to be of the form √(2ω_⃗p) a_out/in,⃗p ∼ ∫ dτ e^{iω_⃗p L(τ ∓ geodesic travel time)} O(τ, ±p̂)."

    Eq. (4.1) is not derived from bulk reconstruction, the HKLL dictionary, or an AdS path integral; it is imposed by requiring dominance at the geodesic travel time, which is precisely the flat-space kinematics one wants to obtain. The later 'flat limit of CFT correlators' is then just the Fourier transform of this assumed formula. The only check presented, the free-field two-point function, follows from the assumed phase and a chosen operator normalization; it carries no independent information about interactions, and no 4-point or higher connected correlator is computed.

  2. fitted input called prediction [Section 6.2, Eqs. (6.19)-(6.20)]
    "But if we allow τ to be imaginary and in particular if we have Im(τ) = 1/2 log((ω_⃗p + m)/(ω_⃗p − m)), for both global times τ and τ′ then this term drops out and we get G(p1, p2) = 2ω_⃗p1 δ^{(3)}(p1 − p2)."

    The imaginary part of the integration contour is chosen specifically to cancel the extra exponential that would otherwise prevent the free-field normalization from emerging. Although this value coincides with the independently computed timelike geodesic travel time in Eq. (4.11), within the correlator calculation it functions as a tuned contour prescription, not as a prediction. The resulting 2ωδ^{(3)} is then reported as a check, but the check reproduces only what the contour choice was designed to produce.

1 more flagged steps
  1. fitted input called prediction [Section 6.1, Eqs. (6.10)-(6.12)]
    "The constants multiplying the delta function can be gotten rid of by normalizing the creation/annihilation operators accordingly. Indeed, choosing C = √12/(2π(Lω_⃗p1)^2), we get G(p1, p2) = 2ω_⃗p1 δ^{(3)}(p1 − p2)."

    The overall coefficient of the two-point function is fixed after the fact by choosing the operator normalization C. Thus the free-field result 2ωδ^{(3)} is not an independent output of the construction; it is the normalization convention used to define the creation and annihilation operators. The delta function itself is built into the Fourier phases of Eq. (4.1), so the massless check verifies consistency of the ansatz rather than deriving flat-space scattering.

full rationale

The paper contains genuine independent computations: the geodesic travel times of Section 4 are derived from the AdS geometry, and the Liénard-Wiechert analysis of Section 7 is a self-contained boost calculation that correctly reproduces the known flat-space antipodal matching. I do not count the initial citations [12-15] as load-bearing circularity, because Section 4.1 explicitly replaces the cited operator formulas with an ansatz and the later calculations use that ansatz rather than the citations. However, the central claim that flat-space scattering amplitudes are 'constructed' from boundary operator insertions reduces, on inspection, to Eq. (4.1), which is not derived but imposed by demanding saddle-point dominance at the geodesic travel time. Section 6 then verifies only the free-field two-point function, whose coefficient is fixed by a normalization choice and whose delta function follows from the chosen Fourier phases. In the massive case, the imaginary contour shift is selected to cancel an unwanted exponential and thereby reproduce the known normalization; the agreement with the geodesic travel time is a consistency check, not a prediction. No interacting amplitude is computed, so the construction is supported only by a check that is equivalent to its own input. This is partial circularity of the central derivation, though the geodesic and radiation-field parts of the paper retain independent content. Score 6.

Assumptions & free parameters 0 free parameters · 5 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The paper does not introduce new particles or new forces. The main burden is on the assumption that the geodesic travel time formula (4.1) correctly captures the flat-space S-matrix, and on the analytic continuation of CFT correlators to complex global time. These are domain assumptions in the flat-space holography program, not ad-hoc inventions, but they are not derived within the paper.

assumptions (5)
  • domain assumption Standard AdS/CFT dictionary and the flat-space limit of AdS/CFT is well-defined
    Section 1 assumes that flat-space physics is encoded in AdS/CFT in the limit L→∞, and that boundary correlators can be analytically continued to flat-space S-matrix elements.
  • domain assumption Saddle-point approximation applies to the boundary integral in the large-L limit
    Section 4.1 and Section 6 assume that the oscillatory integral over global time is dominated by a window of size O(1/L) around the geodesic travel time, without a proof of the validity of this approximation for interacting theories.
  • domain assumption The spectral decomposition of the CFT two-point function converges and can be analytically continued to complex global times
    Section 6.1 uses the spectral decomposition in eq. (6.8) and implicitly assumes analytic continuation to complex τ for the massive case in Section 6.2.
  • standard math The AdS isometry group SO(3,2) acts transitively and can be used to boost a static charge into a moving charge
    Section 7.3 relies on the standard fact that SO(3,2) is the isometry group of AdS4 and that boosts exist in the embedding space.
  • domain assumption The antipodal matching in flat space, as defined by Strominger, is the correct matching condition near spatial infinity
    Section 7.2 takes the Strominger conjecture/proof as given and uses it as the target result to reproduce from AdS.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Flat limit of AdS/CFT from AdS geodesics: scattering amplitudes and antipodal matching of Li\'enard-Wiechert fields." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/UFMCB2ID

@misc{pith2026241108540,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Flat limit of AdS/CFT from AdS geodesics: scattering amplitudes and antipodal matching of Li\'enard-Wiechert fields},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/UFMCB2ID}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2411.08540}
}
abstract

We revisit the flat limit of AdS/CFT from the point of view of geodesics in AdS. We show that the flat space scattering amplitudes can be constructed from operator insertions where the geodesics of the particles corresponding to the operators hit the conformal boundary of AdS. Further, we compute the Li\'enard-Wiechert solutions in AdS by boosting a static charge using AdS isometries and show that the solutions are antipodally matched between two regions, separated by a global time difference of $\Delta\tau=\pi$. Going to the boundary of AdS along null geodesics, in the flat limit, this antipodal matching leads to the flat space antipodal matching near spatial infinity.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2411.08540 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Soup-can picture of AdS: the causal structure of AdS [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Timelike geodesics and null geodesics in AdS. [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Null geodesics in AdS global coordinates: massless particle [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p011_3.png] view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (4 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Timelike geodesics in AdS global coordinates: massive partic [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p013_4.png]
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Mapping of CFT regions to flat space regions. Here, [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p014_5.png]
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: Penrose diagram of flat space: past and future null infinit [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p021_6.png]
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: The red fringe about global time τ = π 2 is antipodally identified with the blue fringe at τ = − π 2 . In the flat limit, these fringes resemble future and past null infinity respectively. The boundary region between τ = − π 2 and τ = π 2 can be thought of as spatial i…

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Gravitational Memory Beyond Null Infinity through Finite-Distance Carrollian Screens

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Finite-distance null screens carry a Carrollian memory whose leading tracefree large-radius part reproduces the standard Bondi displacement memory in Robinson–Trautman spacetimes.

  2. Li\'enard--Wiechert fields in AdS and flat-space antipodal matching from geodesic-centered Coulombic data

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    The Coulombic Liénard–Wiechert field in AdS and flat space is obtained by recentering the static Coulomb seed on the source geodesic, and antipodal matching emerges as the flat-space limit of an exact bulk antipodal c...

  3. Nonperfect Carrollian Fluids Through Holography

    hep-th 2026-01 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Bulk gravitational radiation, diagnosed by the Fernández-Álvarez–Senovilla criterion, is dual to dissipative (Carrollian) boundary-fluid data, with an entropy-flux law and a Robinson-Trautman worked example.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

71 extracted references · 15 canonical work pages · cited by 3 Pith papers

  1. [1]

    Polchinski, S matrices from AdS space-time , [ hep-th/9901076]

    J. Polchinski, S matrices from AdS space-time , [ hep-th/9901076]

    arXiv

  2. [2]

    Susskind, Holography in the flat space limit , AIP Conf

    L. Susskind, Holography in the flat space limit , AIP Conf. Proc. 493 (1999) no.1, 98-112, [hep-th/9901079]

    arXiv 1999

  3. [3]

    S. B. Giddings, The Boundary S matrix and the AdS to CFT dictionary , Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999), 2707-2710, [hep-th/9903048]

    arXiv 1999

  4. [4]

    S. B. Giddings, Flat space scattering and bulk locality in the AdS/CFT corre spondence, Phys. Rev. D 61 (2000), 106008, [hep-th/9907129]

    arXiv 2000

  5. [5]

    Gary and S

    M. Gary and S. B. Giddings, The Flat space S-matrix from the AdS/CFT correspon- dence?, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009), 046008, [arXiv:0904.3544]

    arXiv 2009

  6. [6]

    Okuda and J

    T. Okuda and J. Penedones, String scattering in flat space and a scaling limit of Yang- Mills correlators, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2024) 086001, [arXiv:1002.2641]

    arXiv 2024

  7. [7]

    A. L. Fitzpatrick and J. Kaplan, Scattering States in AdS/CFT , [arXiv:1104.2597]

    arXiv

  8. [8]

    Raju, New Recursion Relations and a Flat Space Limit for AdS/CFT Co rrelators, Phys

    S. Raju, New Recursion Relations and a Flat Space Limit for AdS/CFT Co rrelators, Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012), 126009, [arXiv:1201.6449]

    arXiv 2012

Show all 71 references
  1. [9]

    P M. F. Paulos, J. Penedones, J. Toledo, B. C. van Rees and P. Vie ira, The S-matrix bootstrap. Part I: QFT in AdS , JHEP 11 (2017) 133, [arXiv:1607.06109]

    2017 arXiv

  2. [10]

    Dubovsky, V

    S. Dubovsky, V. Gorbenko and M. Mirbabayi, Asymptotic fragility, near AdS 2 hologra- phy and T T , JHEP 09 (2017) 136, [arXiv:1706.06604]

    2017 arXiv

  3. [11]

    Maldacena, D

    J. Maldacena, D. Simmons-Duffin and A. Zhiboedov, Looking for a bulk point , JHEP 01 (2017) 013, [arXiv:1509.03612]. 28

    2017 arXiv

  4. [12]

    Hijano, Flat space physics from AdS/CFT , JHEP 07 (2019) 132, [arXiv:1905.02729]

    E. Hijano, Flat space physics from AdS/CFT , JHEP 07 (2019) 132, [arXiv:1905.02729]

    2019 arXiv

  5. [13]

    Hijano and D

    E. Hijano and D. Neuenfeld, Soft photon theorems from CFT Ward identites in the flat limit of AdS/CFT , JHEP 11 (2020) 099, [arXiv:2005.03667]

    2020 arXiv

  6. [14]

    Y. Z. Li, Notes on flat-space limit of AdS/CFT , JHEP 09 (2021) 027, [arXiv:2106.04606]

    2021 arXiv

  7. [15]

    Duary, Flat limit of massless scalar scattering in AdS2, Nucl

    S. Duary, Flat limit of massless scalar scattering in AdS2, Nucl. Phys. B 1007 (2024), 116687, [arXiv:2305.20037]

    2024 arXiv

  8. [16]

    Komatsu, M

    S. Komatsu, M. F. Paulos, B. C. Van Rees and X. Zhao, Landau diagrams in AdS and S-matrices from conformal correlators , JHEP 11 (2020) 046, [arXiv:2007.13745]

    2020 arXiv

  9. [17]

    B. C. van Rees and X. Zhao, Quantum Field Theory in AdS Space instead of Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmerman Axioms , Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 (2023) no.19, 191601, [arXiv:2210.15683]

    2023 arXiv

  10. [18]

    B. C. van Rees and X. Zhao, Flat-space Partial Waves From Conformal OPE Densities , [arXiv:2312.02273]

    arXiv

  11. [19]

    Duary, E

    S. Duary, E. Hijano and M. Patra, Towards an IR finite S-matrix in the flat limit of AdS/CFT, [arXiv:2211.13711]

    arXiv

  12. [20]

    Duary, AdS correction to the Faddeev-Kulish state: migrating from the flat peninsula , JHEP 05 (2023) 079, [arXiv:2212.09509]

    S. Duary, AdS correction to the Faddeev-Kulish state: migrating from the flat peninsula , JHEP 05 (2023) 079, [arXiv:2212.09509]

    2023 arXiv

  13. [21]

    Banerjee, K

    N. Banerjee, K. Fernandes and A. Mitra, 1/L2 corrected soft photon theorem from a CFT3 Ward identity, JHEP 04 (2023) 055, [arXiv:2209.06802]

    2023 arXiv

  14. [22]

    Y. Z. Li and J. Mei, Bootstrapping Witten diagrams via differential representa tion in Mellin space, JHEP 07 (2023) 156, [arXiv:2304.12757]

    2023 arXiv

  15. [23]

    Y. Z. Li, Flat-space structure of gluons and gravitons in AdS spaceti me, Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) no.12, 125018, [arXiv:2212.13195]

    2023 arXiv

  16. [24]

    Duary, Aspects of celestial amplitude and flat-space limit of AdS/C FT

    S. Duary, Aspects of celestial amplitude and flat-space limit of AdS/C FT

  17. [25]

    L. M. Soko/suppress lowski, The bizarre anti-de Sitter spacetime , Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 13 no.09, 1630016, [1611.01118]

    arXiv

  18. [26]

    Hamilton, D

    A. Hamilton, D. N. Kabat, G. Lifschytz and D. A. Lowe, Holographic representation of local bulk operators, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006), 066009, [hep-th/0606141]

    2006 arXiv

  19. [27]

    L. P. de Gioia and A. M. Raclariu, Celestial amplitudes from conformal correlators with bulk-point kinematics, [arXiv:2405.07972]

    arXiv

  20. [28]

    L. P. de Gioia and A. M. Raclariu, Eikonal approximation in celestial CFT , JHEP 03 (2023) 030, [arXiv:2206.10547]. 29

    2023 arXiv

  21. [29]

    L. P. de Gioia and A. M. Raclariu,Celestial sector in CFT: Conformally soft symmetries , SciPost Phys. 17 (2024) no.1, 002, [arXiv:2303.10037]

    2024 arXiv

  22. [30]

    I. I. Cotaescu, Anti-de Sitter relativity , Phys. Rev. D 96 (2017) no.4, 044046, [arXiv:1706.01785]

    2017 arXiv

  23. [31]

    Strominger, Lectures on the Infrared Structure of Gravity and Gauge Theo ry, [arXiv:1703.05448]

    A. Strominger, Lectures on the Infrared Structure of Gravity and Gauge Theo ry, [arXiv:1703.05448]

    arXiv

  24. [32]

    Campiglia and R

    M. Campiglia and R. Eyheralde, Asymptotic U(1) charges at spatial infinity , JHEP 11 (2017) 168, [arXiv:1703.07884]

    2017 arXiv

  25. [33]

    Prabhu, Conservation of asymptotic charges from past to future null infinity: Maxwell fields, JHEP 10 (2018) 113, [arXiv:1808.07863]

    K. Prabhu, Conservation of asymptotic charges from past to future null infinity: Maxwell fields, JHEP 10 (2018) 113, [arXiv:1808.07863]

    2018 arXiv

  26. [34]

    Li´ enard, Champ ´ electrique et magn´ etique produit par une charge concentr´ ee en un point et anim´ ee d’un mouvement quelconqu e, L’´Eclairage ´Elect

    A. Li´ enard, Champ ´ electrique et magn´ etique produit par une charge concentr´ ee en un point et anim´ ee d’un mouvement quelconqu e, L’´Eclairage ´Elect. Tome XVI, Ann´ ee 5, 27 (1898) 5–14

  27. [35]

    Wiechert, Elektrodynamische elementargesetze, Ann

    E. Wiechert, Elektrodynamische elementargesetze, Ann. Phys. 309 (1901) 667

    1901

  28. [36]

    Schwinger, L.L

    J. Schwinger, L.L. DeRaad Jr., K.A. Milton, W. Tsai, Classical Electrodynamics, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 2018

    2018

  29. [37]

    Panofsky, M

    W.K.H. Panofsky, M. Phillips, Classical Electricity and Magnetism, second ed., Addison- Wesley, Reading, 1975

    1975

  30. [38]

    Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, third ed., Wiley, New York, 1999

    J.D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, third ed., Wiley, New York, 1999

    1999

  31. [39]

    Minkowski, Raum un Zeit , Jahresb

    H. Minkowski, Raum un Zeit , Jahresb. Deutschen Math.-Verein 18 (1909) 75–88

    1909

  32. [40]

    Padmanabhan, A Simple derivation of the electromagnetic field of an arbitr arily moving charge, Am

    H. Padmanabhan, A Simple derivation of the electromagnetic field of an arbitr arily moving charge, Am. J. Phys. 77 (2009) 151-155, [arXiv:0810.4246]

    2009 arXiv

  33. [41]

    Zangwill, Modern Electrodynamics, Cambridge, New York, 2013

    A. Zangwill, Modern Electrodynamics, Cambridge, New York, 2013

    2013

  34. [42]

    Minkowski, Space and time , The Principle of Relativity , H.A

    H. Minkowski, Space and time , The Principle of Relativity , H.A. Lorentz, A. Einstein, and H. Minkowski (Eds.), Dover, New York, 1952, pp. 75–91

    1952

  35. [43]

    Strominger, On BMS Invariance of Gravitational Scattering , JHEP 07 (2014) 152, [arXiv:1312.2229]

    A. Strominger, On BMS Invariance of Gravitational Scattering , JHEP 07 (2014) 152, [arXiv:1312.2229]

    2014 arXiv

  36. [44]

    Krishnan and J

    C. Krishnan and J. Pereira, A New Gauge for Asymptotically Flat Spacetime , [arXiv:2112.11440]

    arXiv

  37. [45]

    Krishnan and J

    C. Krishnan and J. Pereira, Hypertranslations and Hyperrotations, [arXiv:2205.01422]

    arXiv

  38. [46]

    Krishnan and J

    C. Krishnan and J. Pereira, Charges for Hypertranslations and Hyperrotations , [arXiv:2301.04415]. 30

    arXiv

  39. [47]

    Iacobacci, C

    L. Iacobacci, C. Sleight and M. Taronna, From celestial correlators to AdS, and back , JHEP 06 (2023) 053, [arXiv:2208.01629]

    2023 arXiv

  40. [48]

    Sleight and M

    C. Sleight and M. Taronna, Celestial Holography Revisited, [arXiv:2301.01810]

    arXiv

  41. [49]

    Iacobacci, C

    L. Iacobacci, C. Sleight and M. Taronna, Celestial Holography Revisited II: Correlators and K ¨all´ en-Lehmann, [arXiv:2401.16591]

    arXiv

  42. [50]

    C. M. Chang, R. Liu and W. J. Ma, Split representation in celestial holography , [arXiv:2311.08736]

    arXiv

  43. [51]

    Liu and W

    R. Liu and W. J. Ma, Celestial Optical Theorem , [arXiv:2404.18898]

  44. [52]

    Liu and W

    R. Liu and W. J. Ma, Massive celestial amplitudes and celestial amplitudes bey ond four points, [arXiv:2404.01920]

  45. [53]

    Duary and S

    S. Duary and S. Maji, Spectral representation in Klein space: simplifying celes tial leaf amplitudes, JHEP 08 (2024) 079, [arXiv:2406.02342]

    2024 arXiv

  46. [54]

    Duary, Celestial amplitude for 2d theory , JHEP 12 (2022) 060, [arXiv:2209.02776]

    S. Duary, Celestial amplitude for 2d theory , JHEP 12 (2022) 060, [arXiv:2209.02776]

    2022 arXiv

  47. [55]

    Kapec and A

    D. Kapec and A. Tropper, Integrable field theories and their CCFT duals , JHEP 02 (2023) 128, [arXiv:2210.16861]

    2023 arXiv

  48. [56]

    Stolbova, The S-matrix bootstrap: From the sine-Gordon model to celes tial ampli- tudes, Int

    V. Stolbova, The S-matrix bootstrap: From the sine-Gordon model to celes tial ampli- tudes, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 39 (2024) no.15n16, 2450053, [arXiv:2311.14418]

    2024 arXiv

  49. [57]

    Stolbova, Celestial amplitudes dual to the O(N) nonlinear sigma model , [arXiv:2312.02083]

    V. Stolbova, Celestial amplitudes dual to the O(N) nonlinear sigma model , [arXiv:2312.02083]

    arXiv

  50. [58]

    Wang and W

    M. Wang and W. Fan, The integrable Bullough-Dodd model under celestial hologr aphy, [arXiv:2503.15174]

    arXiv

  51. [59]

    Bagchi, P

    A. Bagchi, P. Dhivakar and S. Dutta, AdS Witten diagrams to Carrollian correlators , JHEP 04 (2023) 135, [arXiv:2303.07388]

    2023 arXiv

  52. [60]

    Bagchi, P

    A. Bagchi, P. Dhivakar and S. Dutta, Holography in flat spacetimes: the case for Carroll , JHEP 08 (2024) 144, [arXiv:2311.11246]

    2024 arXiv

  53. [61]

    L. F. Alday, M. Nocchi, R. Ruzziconi and A. Yelleshpur Srikant, Carrollian Amplitudes from Holographic Correlators, [arXiv:2406.19343]

    arXiv

  54. [62]

    E. Have, K. Nguyen, S. Prohazka and J. Salzer, Massive carrollian fields at timelike infinity, JHEP 07 (2024) 054, [arXiv:2402.05190]

    2024 arXiv

  55. [63]

    S. Kim, P. Kraus, R. Monten and R. M. Myers, S-matrix path integral approach to symmetries and soft theorems , JHEP 10 (2023) 036, [arXiv:2307.12368]

    2023 arXiv

  56. [64]

    I. Y. Arefeva, L. D. Faddeev and A. A. Slavnov, Generating Functional for the s Matrix in Gauge Theories , Teor. Mat. Fiz. 21 (1974), 311-321. 31

    1974

  57. [65]

    Kraus and R

    P. Kraus and R. M. Myers, Carrollian Partition Functions and the Flat Limit of AdS , [arXiv:2407.13668]

    arXiv

  58. [66]

    Prabhu, G

    K. Prabhu, G. Satishchandran and R. M. Wald, Infrared finite scattering theory in quantum field theory and quantum gravity , Phys. Rev. D 106 (2022) no.6, 066005, [arXiv:2203.14334]

    2022 arXiv

  59. [67]

    Duch, Infrared problem in perturbative quantum field theory , Rev

    P. Duch, Infrared problem in perturbative quantum field theory , Rev. Math. Phys. 33 (2021) no.10, 2150032, [arXiv:1906.00940]

    2021 arXiv

  60. [68]

    Donnay, A

    L. Donnay, A. Fiorucci, Y. Herfray and R. Ruzziconi, Carrollian Perspective on Celestial Holography, Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 (2022) no.7, 071602, [arXiv:2202.04702]

    2022 arXiv

  61. [69]

    Bagchi, S

    A. Bagchi, S. Banerjee, R. Basu and S. Dutta, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128 (2022) no.24, 241601, [arXiv:2202.08438]

    2022 arXiv

  62. [70]

    Donnay, A

    L. Donnay, A. Fiorucci, Y. Herfray and R. Ruzziconi, Bridging Carrollian and celestial holography, Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) no.12, 126027, [arXiv:2212.12553]

    2023 arXiv

  63. [71]

    Mason, R

    L. Mason, R. Ruzziconi and A. Yelleshpur Srikant, Carrollian amplitudes and celestial symmetries, JHEP 05 (2024), 012, [arXiv:2312.10138]. 32

    2024 arXiv

Pith tools

Reviewed August 12, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.