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Scaling Transformers for Low-Bitrate High-Quality Speech Coding

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arxiv 2411.19842 v1 pith:ZTLYMXND submitted 2024-11-29 eess.AS cs.AIcs.LGcs.SDeess.SP

Scaling Transformers for Low-Bitrate High-Quality Speech Coding

classification eess.AS cs.AIcs.LGcs.SDeess.SP
keywords speechmodelsscalingtokenizationaloneapplyingarchitecturearchitectures
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The tokenization of speech with neural audio codec models is a vital part of modern AI pipelines for the generation or understanding of speech, alone or in a multimodal context. Traditionally such tokenization models have concentrated on low parameter-count architectures using only components with strong inductive biases. In this work we show that by scaling a transformer architecture with large parameter count to this problem, and applying a flexible Finite Scalar Quantization (FSQ) based bottleneck, it is possible to reach state-of-the-art speech quality at extremely low bit-rates of $400$ or $700$ bits-per-second. The trained models strongly out-perform existing baselines in both objective and subjective tests.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. FlexiSLM: A Dynamic and Controllable Frame Rate Spoken Language Model

    cs.SD 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    FlexiSLM is the first spoken language model supporting dynamic and controllable frame rates on speech input and output, outperforming fixed-rate 7B models at high quality and enabling faster inference at lower rates l...

  2. DTM-Codec: Dynamic Token Masking for VFR Speech Coding with Efficient Boundary Selection

    eess.AS 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    DTM-Codec achieves better reconstruction quality and intelligibility than fixed-frame-rate neural speech codecs at matched total bitrate via dynamic token masking and Path Length Equalization for variable frame rates.

  3. AffectCodec: Emotion-Preserving Neural Speech Codec for Expressive Speech Modeling

    cs.SD 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    AffectCodec is an emotion-guided neural speech codec that preserves emotional cues during quantization while maintaining semantic fidelity and prosodic naturalness.

  4. Self-Guidance: Enhancing Neural Codecs via Decoder Manifold Alignment

    cs.SD 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Self-guidance adds a lightweight feature-mapping loss to align decoder manifolds in VQ-VAE speech codecs, raising reconstruction metrics and allowing 4x codebook reduction with no fidelity loss.

  5. Two-Dimensional Quantization for Geometry-Aware Audio Coding

    cs.SD 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Q2D2 uses 2D geometric grid projections to quantize feature pairs in neural audio codecs, yielding implicit codebooks that improve efficiency and utilization over RVQ, VQ, and FSQ while maintaining reconstruction quality.

  6. Voxtral TTS

    cs.AI 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Voxtral TTS produces expressive multilingual speech from 3-second reference audio with a hybrid autoregressive-plus-flow-matching architecture and a new VQ-FSQ tokenizer, achieving 68.4% win rate over ElevenLabs in hu...