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Universal critical behavior of generaliezd susceptibilities of net-baryon number at small quark mass

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arxiv 2504.00832 v1 pith:6ZJX6WI7 submitted 2025-04-01 nucl-th hep-phhep-th

classification nucl-thhep-phhep-th
keywords criticalsusceptibilitiesnet-baryonnumbersmalluniversalanglebehavior
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

In the limit of small quark masses, the angle between the temperature axis and the applied magnetic field direction in the three-dimensional Ising model vanishes as $m_q^{2/5}$ when mapped onto the QCD $T-\mu_B$ phase plane. By selecting two distinct small angles and projecting the Ising model results onto QCD, we have investigated the universal critical behavior of the sixth-, eighth-, and tenth-order susceptibilities of the net-baryon number. When considering only the leading critical contribution, the negative dip in the $\mu_B$ dependence of the generalized susceptibilities is not universal, in contrast to the observation in the case where the angle is $90^{\circ}$. Its existence depends on the mapping parameters and the distance to the phase transition line. After incorporating the sub-leading critical contribution, the negative dip is enhanced to some extent but remains a non-robust feature. In contrast, the positive peak structure persists in all cases and represents a robust characteristic of generalized susceptibilities of the net-baryon number near the critical point.

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