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Scaling Reasoning, Losing Control: Evaluating Instruction Following in Large Reasoning Models

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arxiv 2505.14810 v2 pith:IOWNV3U6 submitted 2025-05-20 cs.CL cs.AI

classification cs.CLcs.AI
keywords modelsreasoningevaluatinginstructioninstruction-followinglanguagelargemathematical
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Instruction-following is essential for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent. While recent reasoning-oriented models exhibit impressive performance on complex mathematical problems, their ability to adhere to natural language instructions remains underexplored. In this work, we introduce MathIF, a dedicated benchmark for evaluating instruction-following in mathematical reasoning tasks. Our empirical analysis reveals a consistent tension between scaling up reasoning capacity and maintaining controllability, as models that reason more effectively often struggle to comply with user directives. We find that models tuned on distilled long chains-of-thought or trained with reasoning-oriented reinforcement learning often degrade in instruction adherence, especially when generation length increases. Furthermore, we show that even simple interventions can partially recover obedience, though at the cost of reasoning performance. These findings highlight a fundamental tension in current LLM training paradigms and motivate the need for more instruction-aware reasoning models. We release the code and data at https://github.com/TingchenFu/MathIF.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Reasoning Up the Instruction Ladder for Controllable Language Models

    cs.CL 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    RLVR on ~7K verifiable system/user conflict examples teaches LLMs to prioritize higher-priority instructions, improving instruction-hierarchy and safety benchmarks.

  2. Structured Thoughts For Improved Reasoning And Context Pruning

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    Structured try/outcome SFT improves math reasoning by up to 8% over standard SFT and enables pruning ~85% of context with ~9% accuracy drop.

  3. AutoTIR: Autonomous Tools Integrated Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning

    cs.CL 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    AutoTIR applies GRPO with a hand-designed action reward so a 7B instruct model learns to mix search and code tools, beating tool-using baselines on ten benchmarks.

  4. Activation Steering for Chain-of-Thought Compression

    cs.AI 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A single steering vector extracted from paired verbose and concise rationales compresses chain-of-thought output at inference time without retraining.

  5. Towards Concise and Adaptive Thinking in Large Reasoning Models: A Survey

    cs.AI 2025-07 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    A comprehensive review that categorizes methods for shortening and adaptively triggering chain-of-thought reasoning in large language models.

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