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From Experts to a Generalist: Toward General Whole-Body Control for Humanoid Robots

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arxiv 2506.12779 v3 pith:JQKUAWER submitted 2025-06-15 cs.RO cs.LG

From Experts to a Generalist: Toward General Whole-Body Control for Humanoid Robots

classification cs.RO cs.LG
keywords motioncontrolhumanoiddatageneralwhole-bodyacrossagile
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Achieving general agile whole-body control on humanoid robots remains a major challenge due to diverse motion demands and data conflicts. While existing frameworks excel in training single motion-specific policies, they struggle to generalize across highly varied behaviors due to conflicting control requirements and mismatched data distributions. In this work, we propose BumbleBee (BB), an expert-generalist learning framework that combines motion clustering and sim-to-real adaptation to overcome these challenges. BB first leverages an autoencoder-based clustering method to group behaviorally similar motions using motion features and motion descriptions. Expert policies are then trained within each cluster and refined with real-world data through iterative delta action modeling to bridge the sim-to-real gap. Finally, these experts are distilled into a unified generalist controller that preserves agility and robustness across all motion types. Experiments on two simulations and a real humanoid robot demonstrate that BB achieves state-of-the-art general whole-body control, setting a new benchmark for agile, robust, and generalizable humanoid performance in the real world. The project webpage is available at https://beingbeyond.github.io/BumbleBee/.

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Forward citations

Cited by 10 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Behavior Foundations for Quadruped Robots: ABot-C0 Technical Report

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    ABot-C0 builds a scalable quadruped motion data pipeline, verifies a motion-tracking scaling law, and deploys a multi-policy system for all-terrain locomotion and interaction on a real robot.

  2. Behavior Foundations for Quadruped Robots: ABot-C0 Technical Report

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    A multi-source 16,074-clip quadruped motion library plus a flow-matching generalist tracker shows empirical data scaling and zero-shot unseen tracking, integrated with all-terrain locomotion and real-robot deployment.

  3. ExoActor: Exocentric Video Generation as Generalizable Interactive Humanoid Control

    cs.RO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    ExoActor uses exocentric video generation to implicitly model robot-environment-object interactions and converts the resulting videos into task-conditioned humanoid control sequences.

  4. TeleGate: Whole-Body Humanoid Teleoperation via Gated Expert Selection with Motion Prior

    cs.RO 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    TeleGate achieves high-precision real-time whole-body teleoperation of humanoid robots by dynamically gating between expert policies and using a VAE motion prior to infer future intent from history, outperforming dist...

  5. SkillPlug: Unsupervised Skill Mining for Few-Shot Adaptation in Robotic Manipulation

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    Unsupervised skill mining with self-supervised compactness, alignment, and disentanglement losses yields a fixed skill library that improves multi-task and few-shot robotic manipulation when plugged into ACT and OpenVLA-OFT.

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    ComplexMimic applies a dual-flow imitation and interaction expert strategy plus difficulty-aware distillation to enable HSI mimicry in complex scenes and reports outperformance on three benchmarks.

  7. Humanoid-GPT: Scaling Data and Structure for Zero-Shot Motion Tracking

    cs.RO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Humanoid-GPT is a causal Transformer pre-trained on a unified billion-scale motion dataset that tracks dynamic behaviors with zero-shot generalization to unseen motions and tasks.

  8. HoloMotion-1 Technical Report

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    HoloMotion-1 trains a MoE Transformer policy on hybrid video and MoCap motion data to achieve robust zero-shot tracking that transfers directly to real humanoid robots.

  9. HoloMotion-1 Technical Report

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    HoloMotion-1 trains a large Mixture-of-Experts Transformer policy on a hybrid corpus of video-reconstructed and MoCap motions to achieve robust zero-shot whole-body tracking that transfers directly to real humanoid robots.

  10. Switch: Learning Agile Skills Switching for Humanoid Robots

    cs.RO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Switch enables humanoid robots to perform agile, seamless transitions between locomotion skills via a kinematic skill graph, DRL tracking policy, and real-time graph-search scheduler.