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UniRec-0.1B: Unified Text and Formula Recognition with 0.1B Parameters

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arxiv 2512.21095 v2 pith:NCXJGK6H submitted 2025-12-24 cs.CV

UniRec-0.1B: Unified Text and Formula Recognition with 0.1B Parameters

classification cs.CV
keywords textformularecognitionunifieddocumentslevelsmodelmultiple
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Text and formulas constitute the core informational components of many documents. Accurately and efficiently recognizing both is crucial for developing robust and generalizable document parsing systems. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive unified recognition of text and formulas. However, they are large-sized and computationally demanding, restricting their usage in many applications. In this paper, we propose UniRec-0.1B, a unified recognition model with only 0.1B parameters. It is capable of performing text and formula recognition at multiple levels, including characters, words, lines, paragraphs, and documents. To implement this task, we first establish UniRec40M, a large-scale dataset comprises 40 million text, formula and mixed samples, enabling the training of a powerful yet lightweight model. Secondly, we identify two challenges when building such a lightweight but unified expert model. They are: structural variability across levels and semantic entanglement between textual and formulaic content. To tackle these, we introduce a hierarchical supervision training that explicitly guides structural comprehension, and a semantic-decoupled tokenizer that separates text and formula representations. Finally, we develop a comprehensive evaluation benchmark covering Chinese and English documents from multiple domains and with multiple levels. Experimental results on this and public benchmarks demonstrate that UniRec-0.1B outperforms both general-purpose VLMs and leading document parsing expert models, while achieving 2-9x speedup, validating its effectiveness and efficiency. Codebase and Dataset: https://github.com/Topdu/OpenOCR.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

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