Pith. sign in

REVIEW 1 major objections 4 minor 56 references

In CrSBr, bright and dark excitons are symmetry partners of the same Bloch transitions, not different orbital species.

Reviewed by Pith at T0; open to challenge. T0 means a machine referee read the full paper against a public rubric. the ladder, T0–T4 →

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

T0 review · grok-4.5

2026-07-10 08:48 UTC pith:Y4GB55BW

load-bearing objection Solid, internally clean answer to why CrSBr bright/dark partners coexist: diagonal vs cross interference in the same four-band block, quantified by I with k-overlap >0.99. the 1 major comments →

arxiv 2607.08355 v1 pith:Y4GB55BW submitted 2026-07-09 cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-elphysics.comp-ph

Bright and Dark Excitons in CrSBr: Local Ligand-Field Character and Band-Coherent Optical Selection Rules

Swagata Acharya , Jessica McDivitt , Dimitar Pashov , Mark van Schilfgaarde , Justin C. Johnson , Jeffrey L. Blackburn This is my paper
classification cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-elphysics.comp-ph
keywords CrSBrbright and dark excitonsBethe-Salpeter equationQSGcWligand-field excitonsoptical selection rulesmagnetic van der Waals semiconductorsinterference figure of merit
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

CrSBr hosts intense bright excitons near 1.34 eV and 1.8 eV that sit only tens of meV from companion states that are many orders of magnitude darker, even though both draw from essentially the same single-particle transitions. The paper shows that brightness is not decided by how Frenkel-like or Wannier-like an exciton is, nor by its local Cr d-d weight. Instead it is decided by whether the excitonic wavefunction is a sublattice-symmetric or sublattice-antisymmetric combination of the same ligand-field-like Bloch transitions across the two chromium atoms in the orthorhombic cell. Diagonal combinations add transition dipoles constructively and are bright; cross combinations cancel and are dark. Establishing this bare bright/dark partition is presented as the necessary baseline before magnon, phonon, and photon dressings can be interpreted.

Core claim

Brightness in CrSBr is a band-coherent property of the BSE eigenfunctions: bright and dark partners are sublattice-symmetric (diagonal) and sublattice-antisymmetric (cross) superpositions of the same ligand-field-like Bloch transitions across the two Cr atoms of the primitive cell. Partners that share k-space overlap above 0.99 still differ by many orders of magnitude in oscillator strength because only the relative phase of the eigenvector changes.

What carries the argument

The interference figure of merit I = |sum A rho|^2 / sum |A rho|^2, built from the BSE eigenvector A and the independent-particle transition-density vector rho. I >> 1 marks constructive addition (bright); I << 1 marks cancellation (dark). Diagonal versus cross weights D2 and X2 in the leading two-valence by two-conduction block diagnose which combination is occupied.

Load-bearing premise

That the bare, statically screened Bethe-Salpeter spectrum already captures the experimentally relevant bright/dark partition, so the calculated dark parents can be identified with the dark features seen by RIXS near 1.5 eV and by transient reflectivity near 1.46 eV.

What would settle it

A measurement that resolves both partners of the XA or XB pair with quantitative oscillator strengths, or a calculation that reorders those strengths once dynamical magnon, phonon, or photon dressing is restored, would test whether the bare diagonal/cross assignment survives.

Watch this falsifier — get emailed when new claim-graph text bears on it.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

1 major / 4 minor

Summary. The manuscript uses QSGcW+BSE to show that the intense bright XA (~1.33 eV) and XB (~1.84 eV) excitons of CrSBr coexist with near-degenerate companions that are many orders of magnitude darker, even though both partners draw from essentially the same four-band block {v0,v1} imes{c0,c1} and share k-space overlap >0.99. Brightness is identified as a band-coherent property: diagonal (sublattice-symmetric) superpositions of the same ligand-field-like Bloch transitions add constructively while cross (sublattice-antisymmetric) superpositions cancel. The claim is quantified by an interference figure of merit I = |∑ A ho|^{2}/∑|A ho|^{2}, by running partial-sum reconstructions of the optical amplitude (Fig. 2), by band-resolved BSE weights (Fig. 3), and by the D2/X2 diagnostics of Table I. The authors argue that this bare-exciton interference structure is the necessary baseline for interpreting subsequent magnon, phonon and photon dressings, and they map the calculated dark states near 1.5 eV onto recent RIXS and transient-reflectivity features.

Significance. If correct, the result supplies a concrete, symmetry-adapted selection rule that reconciles the coexistence of bright and dark excitons of nearly identical microscopic composition in CrSBr and, by extension, in other magnetic band insulators with multi-site primitive cells. The work is grounded in a fully self-consistent many-body framework (QSGcW+BSE) whose gap and binding energies have already been benchmarked against ARPES and magneto-optics; the new quantity I is reconstructed directly from the BSE eigenvectors and independent-particle transition densities and is shown to reproduce the solver’s oscillator strengths to numerical precision. The public release of eigenvalues, eigenvectors, matrix elements and analysis scripts further strengthens reproducibility. The paper therefore advances both the microscopic understanding of CrSBr and a transferable diagnostic for bright/dark partitioning in related vdW magnets.

major comments (1)
  1. The central algebraic claim (brightness controlled by diagonal versus cross superpositions, quantified by I differing by orders of magnitude for partners with k-overlap >0.99) is internally secure and follows directly from Eqs. (3)–(9), Fig. 2 and Table I. No load-bearing inconsistency is present. The only substantive caveat is the experimental mapping: the identification of the calculated ~1.50 eV interference-dark state with the RIXS feature of Ref. [48] and the transient 1.46 eV resonance of Ref. [49] assumes that static BSE already captures the relevant bright/dark partition. This premise is stated clearly in the Introduction and Discussion but is not load-bearing for the bare-exciton mechanism itself; a brief, explicit statement of the residual uncertainty (possible reordering by dynamical dressing or finite-slab effects) would suffice.
minor comments (4)
  1. Fig. 1 caption and panel (b) use “even/odd” as a schematic shorthand; a single clarifying sentence that this is a proxy for any conserved label respected by the b-axis dipole (sublattice, bonding/antibonding) would prevent misreading as a strict point-group assignment.
  2. Table I quotes oscillator strengths to one significant figure and energies to 0.01 eV; a short Methods note on the numerical precision of the BSE solver would help readers assess the reported I values that span many decades.
  3. The phrase “QSG ˆW” appears inconsistently with “QSGcW” in figure captions; standardise the acronym throughout.
  4. Data Availability promises a Zenodo DOI “to be inserted upon acceptance”; the final version should include the permanent link.

Circularity Check

1 steps flagged

Heavy self-citation for prior QSGcW gap/orbital character, but the interference figure of merit I and bright/dark contrast are independently computed from present BSE eigenvectors and are not forced by construction.

specific steps
  1. self citation load bearing [Abstract; Introduction (paras on QSGcW consensus and XA/XB character)]
    "A many-body Feynman diagrammatic approach based on quasiparticle self-consistent GW with electron-hole ladder vertex corrections to the screened Coulomb interaction has established the electronic band gap, excitonic orbital character, real-space extent, binding energies, and bosonic-coupling signatures of the bright XA exciton near 1.34 eV and the higher XB manifold near 1.8 eV. These results agree well with ARPES and magneto-optical experiments and supersede the early Rydberg-like assignment of the excitons."

    The electronic gap, XA/XB binding energies, and Frenkel/Wannier orbital character are taken as established from prior QSGcW+BSE studies by overlapping authors (Acharya, van Schilfgaarde, Pashov et al.) and used as the single-particle and excitonic baseline for the present analysis. This is self-citation for background premises, not for the new interference claim: I and the diagonal/cross selection rule are computed here from the present eigenvectors and are not forced by those citations. Independent ARPES (including non-overlapping work) also supports the gap, so the chain is not solely self-referential.

full rationale

The paper's load-bearing derivation is algebraic and internal: optical amplitude D^α_S = sum_kvc A^S_kvc ρ^α_kvc (Eqs. 3–4), interference figure of merit I^α_S = |sum Aρ|^2 / sum |Aρ|^2 (Eq. 9), and diagonal/cross weights D2/X2 (Eq. 10) are reconstructed from the present BSE eigenvectors and independent-particle transition densities. Fig. 2 and Table I show that near-partner states with k-overlap >0.99 differ by orders of magnitude in I because of relative phase (diagonal vs cross), not population. That contrast is an output of the calculation, not an input or a fit. Prior QSGcW papers by overlapping authors supply the gap, binding energies, and orbital character used as background; those citations are extensive but are not uniqueness theorems or ansätze that force the bright/dark interference result, and the gap is also corroborated by independent ARPES (e.g. Smolenski et al.). Mapping of calculated dark parents onto RIXS (~1.5 eV) and transient-reflectivity (~1.46 eV) features is an interpretive energy-window assignment, not a circular derivation of I. No self-definitional loop, fitted-input-as-prediction, or renaming of a known result is present. Score 1 reflects only non-load-bearing self-citation for background.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

2 free parameters · 4 axioms · 2 invented entities

The central claim rests on the standard BSE optical-amplitude algebra plus the domain assumption that the statically screened QSGcW+BSE spectrum is the correct bare reference. No free parameters are fitted to the brightness contrast itself; the only numerical choices are standard convergence parameters of the many-body calculation. Invented entities are diagnostic constructs (I, D2/X2) rather than new physical objects.

free parameters (2)
  • k-mesh density (10x7x2)
    Standard convergence parameter of the BSE; not fitted to the bright/dark contrast but chosen for computational feasibility. Residual finite-mesh error could in principle affect the precise value of I for diffuse states.
  • number of bands retained in BSE (26 valence + 9 conduction)
    Truncation of the two-particle Hilbert space; again a convergence choice, not a fit to oscillator-strength data.
axioms (4)
  • standard math The optical amplitude of a BSE exciton is the coherent sum D = sum_kvc A_kvc rho_kvc of eigenvector components times independent-particle transition densities.
    Standard result of the Bethe-Salpeter formalism (Salpeter-Bethe, Strinati, Onida-Reining-Rubio); used throughout Sec. II and Methods.
  • domain assumption Statically screened electron-hole ladder (bare BSE) on top of QSGcW bands is a sufficient description of the undressed excitonic spectrum of bulk AFM CrSBr.
    Stated in the Introduction and Methods; dynamical magnon/phonon/photon dressing is deliberately omitted and treated as a later layer.
  • domain assumption The two topmost valence and two lowest conduction branches form the dominant active space for the XA/XB manifolds, so that diagonal versus cross weights control brightness.
    Justified by the orthorhombic crystal field lifting on-site degeneracies and by the two-Cr primitive cell (Sec. II, 'A minimal two-branch model').
  • ad hoc to paper Even/odd (or bonding/antibonding) labels under the b-axis dipole are approximately conserved and can be used as a schematic symmetry diagnostic.
    Introduced as a 'schematic shorthand' in Fig. 1 caption; not derived from a full group-theory analysis of Pmmn.
invented entities (2)
  • Interference figure of merit I_S^alpha no independent evidence
    purpose: Dimensionless diagnostic that quantifies constructive versus destructive addition of transition channels inside a single exciton.
    Defined in Eq. (9); not a new physical particle or force, but a derived observable. Independent evidence is internal (it reproduces BSE oscillator strengths) rather than external.
  • Diagonal (D2) and cross (X2) branch weights no independent evidence
    purpose: Partition of BSE weight into same-branch versus opposite-branch transitions inside the four-band block.
    Defined in Eq. (10) as a diagnostic, not a new conserved quantity. Useful but paper-specific.

pith-pipeline@v1.1.0-grok45 · 22840 in / 3617 out tokens · 29612 ms · 2026-07-10T08:48:52.599802+00:00 · methodology

0 comments
read the original abstract

Magnetic van der Waals semiconductors such as CrSBr host an intricate exciton landscape whose physical interpretation has converged only recently. A many-body Feynman diagrammatic approach based on quasiparticle self-consistent GW with electron-hole ladder vertex corrections to the screened Coulomb interaction has established the electronic band gap, excitonic orbital character, real-space extent, binding energies, and bosonic-coupling signatures of the bright XA exciton near 1.34 eV and the higher XB manifold near 1.8 eV. These results agree well with ARPES and magneto-optical experiments and supersede the early Rydberg-like assignment of the excitons. What has remained unresolved is why these intense bright excitons coexist, within a few tens of meV, with companion states that are several orders of magnitude darker despite drawing from essentially the same single-particle transition manifold. Here we show that brightness is a band-coherent property of the excitonic eigenfunctions: bright and dark partners are sublattice-symmetric and sublattice-antisymmetric superpositions of the same ligand-field-like Bloch transitions across the two Cr atoms of the orthorhombic primitive cell. The commonly used Frenkel and Wannier-Mott labels describe what an exciton is made of, but brightness requires a symmetry-adapted interference rule between transition dipoles. Disentangling this bare excitonic structure is a prerequisite for interpreting the optical response of CrSBr once magnon, phonon, and photon couplings are included.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2607.08355 by Dimitar Pashov, Jeffrey L. Blackburn, Jessica McDivitt, Justin C. Johnson, Mark van Schilfgaarde, Swagata Acharya.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1. The brightness mechanism in CrSBr. (a) QS [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2. Quantitative QS [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3. Per-exciton band-resolved BSE weight for four representative excitons in Table [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_3.png] view at source ↗

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

56 extracted references · 56 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    and the coherent magnon- and phonon-driven 1.46 eV resonance in time-resolved reflectivity [49] are direct experimental fingerprints of one such interference-dark parent state. The bright/dark partitioning extracted here is therefore not a theoretical artifact of the BSE eigenvector spectrum but an experimentally accessible structure of the excitonic mani...

    work page

  2. [2]

    P. C. Adak, F. Dirnberger, S. Acharya, A. Kamra, X. Xu, and V. M. Menon, Excitons in van der Waals magnetic materials, Nature Materials 10.1038/s41563-026-02636-0 (2026)

    work page doi:10.1038/s41563-026-02636-0 2026

  3. [3]

    J.-G. Park, K. Zhang, H. Cheong, J. H. Kim, C. Belvin, D. Hsieh, H. Ning, and N. Gedik, 2D van der Waals magnets: from fundamental physics to applications, Reviews of Modern Physics98, 025003 (2026)

    work page 2026

  4. [4]

    Huang, G

    B. Huang, G. Clark, E. Navarro-Moratalla, D. R. Klein, R. Cheng, K. L. Seyler, D. Zhong, E. Schmidgall, M. A. McGuire, D. H. Cobden, W. Yao, D. Xiao, P. Jarillo-Herrero, and X. Xu, Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit, Nature546, 270 (2017)

    work page 2017

  5. [5]

    C. Gong, L. Li, Z. Li, H. Ji, A. Stern, Y. Xia, T. Cao, W. Bao, C. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Q. Qiu, R. J. Cava, S. G. Louie, J. Xia, and X. Zhang, Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals, Nature546, 265 (2017)

    work page 2017

  6. [6]

    J. Beck, ¨Uber chalkogenidhalogenide des chroms synthese, kristallstruktur und magnetismus von chromsulfid- bromid, CrSBr, Zeitschrift f¨ ur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie585, 157 (1990)

    work page 1990

  7. [7]

    G¨ oser, W

    O. G¨ oser, W. Paul, and H. G. Kahle, Magnetic properties of CrSBr, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 92, 129 (1990)

    work page 1990

  8. [8]

    N. P. Wilson, K. Lee, J. Cenker, K. Xie, A. H. Dismukes, S. Sivakumar, C. R. Dean, X. Roy, A. N. Pasupathy, X. Zhu, J. Hone, J. Shan, and X. Xu, Interlayer electronic coupling on demand in a 2D magnetic semiconductor, Nature Materials20, 1657 (2021)

    work page 2021

  9. [9]

    K. Lee, A. H. Dismukes, E. J. Telford, R. A. Wiscons, J. Wang, X. Xu, C. Nuckolls, C. R. Dean, X. Roy, and X. Zhu, Magnetic order and symmetry in the 2D semiconductor CrSBr, Nano Letters21, 3511 (2021)

    work page 2021

  10. [10]

    E. J. Telford, A. H. Dismukes, K. Lee, M. Cheng, A. Wieteska, A. K. Bartholomew, Y.-S. Chen, X. Xu, A. N. Pa- supathy, X. Zhu, C. R. Dean, and X. Roy, Layered antiferromagnetism induces large negative magnetoresistance in the van der Waals semiconductor CrSBr, Advanced Materials32, 2003240 (2020)

    work page 2020

  11. [11]

    E. J. Telford, A. H. Dismukes, R. L. Dudley, R. A. Wiscons, K. Lee, D. G. Chica, M. E. Ziebel, M.-G. Han, J. Yu, S. Shabani, A. Scheie, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, D. Xiao, Y. Zhu, A. N. Pasupathy, C. Nuckolls, X. Zhu, C. R. Dean, and X. Roy, Coupling between magnetic order and charge transport in a two-dimensional magnetic semiconductor, Nature Materials2...

    work page 2022

  12. [12]

    S. A. L´ opez-Paz, Z. Guguchia, V. Y. Pomjakushin, C. Witteveen, A. Cervellino, H. Luetkens, N. Casati, A. F. Morpurgo, and F. O. von Rohr, Dynamic magnetic crossover at the origin of the hidden-order in van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr, Nature Communications13, 4745 (2022)

    work page 2022

  13. [13]

    Klein, T

    J. Klein, T. Pham, J. D. Thomsen, J. B. Curtis, T. Denneulin, M. Lorke, M. Florian, A. Steinhoff, R. A. Wiscons, J. Luxa, Z. Sofer, P. Narang, M. Heggen, R. E. Dunin-Borkowski, and F. M. Ross, Control of structure and spin texture in the van der Waals layered magnet CrSBr, Nature Communications13, 5420 (2022)

    work page 2022

  14. [14]

    J. Yu, D. Liu, Z. Ding, Y. Yuan, J. Zhou, F. Pei, H. Pan, T. Ma, F. Jin, L. Wang, W. Zhu, S. Wang, Y. Wu, X. Liu, D. Hou, Y. Gao, Z. Qiu, M. Yang, and Q. Li, Direct imaging of antiferromagnet-ferromagnet phase transition in van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr, Advanced Functional Materials34, 2307259 (2024). 13

    work page 2024

  15. [15]

    M. E. Ziebel, M. L. Feuer, J. Cox, X. Zhu, C. R. Dean, and X. Roy, CrSBr: An air-stable, two-dimensional magnetic semiconductor, Nano Letters24, 4319 (2024)

    work page 2024

  16. [16]

    T. M. J. Cham, S. Karimeddiny, A. H. Dismukes, X. Roy, D. C. Ralph, and Y. K. Luo, Anisotropic gigahertz antiferromagnetic resonances of the easy-axis van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr, Nano Letters22, 6716 (2022)

    work page 2022

  17. [17]

    Klein, B

    J. Klein, B. Pingault, M. Florian, M.-C. Heissenb¨ uttel, A. Steinhoff, Z. Song, K. Torres, F. Dirnberger, J. B. Curtis, M. Weile, A. Penn, T. Deilmann, R. Dana, R. Bushati, J. Quan, J. Luxa, Z. Sofer, A. Al` u, V. M. Menon, U. Wurstbauer, M. Rohlfing, P. Narang, M. Lonˇ car, and F. M. Ross, The bulk van der Waals layered magnet CrSBr is a quasi-1D materi...

    work page 2023

  18. [18]

    Smiertka, M

    M. Smiertka, M. Rygala, K. Posmyk, P. Peksa, M. Dyksik, D. Pashov, K. Mosina, Z. Sofer, M. van Schilfgaarde, F. Dirnberger, M. Baranowski, S. Acharya, and P. Plochocka, Distinct magneto-optical response of Frenkel and Wannier excitons in CrSBr, Nature Communications17, 1777 (2026)

    work page 2026

  19. [19]

    Dirnberger, J

    F. Dirnberger, J. Quan, R. Bushati, G. M. Diederich, M. Florian, J. Klein, K. Mosina, Z. Sofer, X. Xu, A. Kamra, F. J. Garc´ ıa-Vidal, A. Al` u, and V. M. Menon, Magneto-optics in a van der Waals magnet tuned by self-hybridized polaritons, Nature620, 533 (2023)

    work page 2023

  20. [20]

    van Schilfgaarde, T

    M. van Schilfgaarde, T. Kotani, and S. Faleev, Quasiparticle self-consistent GW theory, Physical Review Letters 96, 226402 (2006)

    work page 2006

  21. [21]

    Kotani, M

    T. Kotani, M. van Schilfgaarde, and S. V. Faleev, Quasiparticle self-consistent GW method: A basis for the independent-particle approximation, Physical Review B76, 165106 (2007)

    work page 2007

  22. [22]

    Cunningham, M

    B. Cunningham, M. Gr¨ uning, D. Pashov, and M. van Schilfgaarde, QSG cW: Quasiparticle self-consistent GW with ladder-diagram corrections to the screened coulomb interaction, Physical Review B108, 165104 (2023)

    work page 2023

  23. [23]

    Acharya, D

    S. Acharya, D. Pashov, B. Cunningham, A. N. Rudenko, M. Rosner, M. van Schilfgaarde, and M. I. Katsnelson, Electronic structure of chromium trihalides beyond density functional theory, Physical Review B104, 155109 (2021)

    work page 2021

  24. [24]

    Acharya, D

    S. Acharya, D. Pashov, A. N. Rudenko, M. Rosner, M. van Schilfgaarde, and M. I. Katsnelson, Real- and momentum-space description of the excitons in bulk and monolayer chromium tri-halides, npj 2D Materials and Applications6, 33 (2022)

    work page 2022

  25. [25]

    Acharya, D

    S. Acharya, D. Pashov, C. Weber, M. van Schilfgaarde, A. I. Lichtenstein, and M. I. Katsnelson, A theory for colors of strongly correlated electronic systems, Nature Communications14, 5565 (2023)

    work page 2023

  26. [26]

    Grzeszczyk, S

    M. Grzeszczyk, S. Acharya, D. Pashov, Z. Chen, K. Vaklinova, M. van Schilfgaarde, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, K. S. Novoselov, M. I. Katsnelson, and M. Koperski, Strongly correlated exciton-magnetization system for optical spin pumping in CrBr 3 and CrI3, Advanced Materials35, 10.1002/adma.202209513 (2023)

    work page doi:10.1002/adma.202209513 2023

  27. [27]

    C. A. Belvin, E. Baldini, I. O. Ozel, D. Mao, H. C. Po, C. J. Allington, S. Son, B. H. Kim, J. Kim, I. Hwang, J. H. Kim, J.-G. Park, T. Senthil, and N. Gedik, Exciton-driven antiferromagnetic metal in a correlated van der Waals insulator, Nature Communications12, 4837 (2021)

    work page 2021

  28. [28]

    Bianchi, S

    M. Bianchi, S. Acharya, F. Dirnberger, J. Klein, D. Pashov, K. Mosina, Z. Sofer, A. N. Rudenko, M. I. Katsnelson, M. van Schilfgaarde, M. Rosner, and P. Hofmann, Paramagnetic electronic structure of CrSBr: Comparison between ab initio GW theory and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, Physical Review B107, 235107 (2023)

    work page 2023

  29. [29]

    M. D. Watson, S. Acharya, J. E. Nunn, L. Nagireddy, D. Pashov, M. Rosner, M. van Schilfgaarde, N. R. Wilson, and C. Cacho, Giant exchange splitting in the electronic structure of A-type 2D antiferromagnet CrSBr, npj 2D Materials and Applications8, 54 (2024)

    work page 2024

  30. [30]

    Smolenski, M

    S. Smolenski, M. Wen, Q. Li, E. Downey, A. Alfrey, W. Liu, A. L. N. Kondusamy, A. Bostwick, C. Jozwiak, E. Rotenberg, L. Zhao, H. Deng, B. Lv, N. H. Jozwiak, E. Gull, and D. Zgid, Large exciton binding energy in a bulk van der Waals magnet from quasi-1D electronic localization, Nature Communications16, 1134 (2025)

    work page 2025

  31. [31]

    Y. Shao, F. Dirnberger, S. Qiu, S. Acharya,et al., Magnetically confined surface and bulk excitons in a layered antiferromagnet, Nature Materials24, 391 (2025)

    work page 2025

  32. [32]

    F. L. Rutaet al., Hyperbolic exciton polaritons in a van der Waals magnet, Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-023-44100-6 (2023)

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44100-6 2023

  33. [33]

    Wanget al., Magnetically-dressed CrSBr exciton-polaritons in ultrastrong coupling regime, Nature Commu- nications14, 5966 (2023)

    T. Wanget al., Magnetically-dressed CrSBr exciton-polaritons in ultrastrong coupling regime, Nature Commu- nications14, 5966 (2023)

    work page 2023

  34. [34]

    Datta, P

    B. Datta, P. C. Adak, S. Yu, A. V. Dharmapalan, S. J. Hall, A. Vakulenko, F. Komissarenko, E. Kurganov, J. Quan, W. Wang, K. Mosina, Z. Sofer, D. Pashov, M. van Schilfgaarde, S. Acharya, A. Kamra, M. Y. Sfeir, A. Alu, A. B. Khanikaev, and V. M. Menon, Magnon-mediated exciton-exciton interaction in a van der Waals antiferromagnet, Nature Materials24, 1027 (2025)

    work page 2025

  35. [35]

    Meineke, J

    C. Meineke, J. Schlosser, M. Zizlsperger, M. Liebich, N. Nilforoushan, K. Mosina, S. Terres, A. Chernikov, Z. Sofer, M. A. Huber, F. Mooshammer, M. Eisele, M. Plankl, T. L. Cocker, R. Huber, and C. Lange, Ultrafast exciton dynamics in the atomically thin van der Waals magnet CrSBr, Nano Letters24, 4101 (2024)

    work page 2024

  36. [36]

    J. A. Warshauer, H. Chen, D. A. Bustamante Lopez, Q. Tan, J. Tang, X. Ling, and W. Hu, Long-lived population inversion in resonantly driven excitonic antiferromagnet, Physical Review Letters134, 016901 (2025). 14

    work page 2025

  37. [37]

    Pawbake, T

    A. Pawbake, T. Pelini, N. P. Wilson, K. Mosina, Z. Sofer, R. Heid, and C. Faugeras, Raman scattering signatures of strong spin-phonon coupling in the bulk magnetic van der Waals material CrSBr, Physical Review B107, 075421 (2023)

    work page 2023

  38. [38]

    E. E. Salpeter and H. A. Bethe, A relativistic equation for bound-state problems, Physical Review84, 1232 (1951)

    work page 1951

  39. [39]

    Strinati, Application of the Green’s functions method to the study of the optical properties of semiconductors, La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento11, 1 (1988)

    G. Strinati, Application of the Green’s functions method to the study of the optical properties of semiconductors, La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento11, 1 (1988)

    work page 1988

  40. [40]

    Onida, L

    G. Onida, L. Reining, and A. Rubio, Electronic excitations: density-functional versus many-body Green’s- function approaches, Reviews of Modern Physics74, 601 (2002)

    work page 2002

  41. [41]

    G. H. Wannier, The structure of electronic excitation levels in insulating crystals, Physical Review52, 191 (1937)

    work page 1937

  42. [42]

    N. F. Mott, Conduction in polar crystals. II. the conduction band and ultra-violet absorption of alkali-halide crystals, Transactions of the Faraday Society34, 500 (1938)

    work page 1938

  43. [43]

    Frenkel, On the transformation of light into heat in solids

    J. Frenkel, On the transformation of light into heat in solids. I, Physical Review37, 17 (1931)

    work page 1931

  44. [44]

    Tanabe and S

    Y. Tanabe and S. Sugano, On the absorption spectra of complex ions I, Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 9, 753 (1954)

    work page 1954

  45. [45]

    J. S. Griffith,The Theory of Transition-Metal Ions(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1964)

    work page 1964

  46. [46]

    F. C. Zhang and T. M. Rice, Effective Hamiltonian for the superconducting Cu oxides, Physical Review B37, 3759 (1988)

    work page 1988

  47. [47]

    A. S. Davydov,Theory of Molecular Excitons(Plenum Press, New York, 1971)

    work page 1971

  48. [48]

    Kasha, H

    M. Kasha, H. R. Rawls, and M. A. El-Bayoumi, The exciton model in molecular spectroscopy, Pure and Applied Chemistry11, 371 (1965)

    work page 1965

  49. [49]

    Searset al., Observation of anisotropic dispersive dark-exciton dynamics in CrSBr, Phys

    J. Searset al., Observation of anisotropic dispersive dark-exciton dynamics in CrSBr, Phys. Rev. Lett.135, 146503 (2025)

    work page 2025

  50. [50]

    Borka, R

    S. Borka, R. Leven, V. Wirsd¨ orfer, A. Ferretti, R. R. Rojas-Lopez, M. Benini, D. M. Janas, U. Parlak, A. Bram- billa, A. V. Scherbakov, S. Acharya, and M. Cinchetti, Excitonic optical interface for GHz magnons and THz phonons in the van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr, (submitted) (2026), coherent magnon and phonon driving transiently brighten a nominal...

    work page 2026

  51. [51]

    D. Y. Qiu, F. H. da Jornada, and S. G. Louie, Optical spectrum of MoS 2: Many-body effects and diversity of exciton states, Phys. Rev. Lett.111, 216805 (2013)

    work page 2013

  52. [52]

    D. Y. Qiu, F. H. da Jornada, and S. G. Louie, Screening and many-body effects in two-dimensional crystals: Monolayer MoS2, Phys. Rev. B93, 235435 (2016)

    work page 2016

  53. [53]

    Chernikov, T

    A. Chernikov, T. C. Berkelbach, H. M. Hill, A. Rigosi, Y. Li, O. B. Aslan, D. R. Reichman, M. S. Hybertsen, and T. F. Heinz, Exciton binding energy and nonhydrogenic Rydberg series in monolayer WS 2, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 076802 (2014)

    work page 2014

  54. [54]

    Hedin, New method for calculating the single-particle Green’s function with application to the electron-gas problem, Physical Review139, A796 (1965)

    L. Hedin, New method for calculating the single-particle Green’s function with application to the electron-gas problem, Physical Review139, A796 (1965)

    work page 1965

  55. [55]

    M. S. Hybertsen and S. G. Louie, Electron correlation in semiconductors and insulators: Band gaps and quasi- particle energies, Physical Review B34, 5390 (1986)

    work page 1986

  56. [56]

    Rohlfing and S

    M. Rohlfing and S. G. Louie, Electron-hole excitations and optical spectra from first principles, Physical Review B62, 4927 (2000)

    work page 2000