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Free-Form Image Inpainting with Gated Convolution

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arxiv 1806.03589 v2 pith:32K2A6VJ submitted 2018-06-10 cs.CV cs.GRcs.LG

classification cs.CVcs.GRcs.LG
keywords imageconvolutioninpaintingsystemfree-formgatedimagesgenerative
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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We present a generative image inpainting system to complete images with free-form mask and guidance. The system is based on gated convolutions learned from millions of images without additional labelling efforts. The proposed gated convolution solves the issue of vanilla convolution that treats all input pixels as valid ones, generalizes partial convolution by providing a learnable dynamic feature selection mechanism for each channel at each spatial location across all layers. Moreover, as free-form masks may appear anywhere in images with any shape, global and local GANs designed for a single rectangular mask are not applicable. Thus, we also present a patch-based GAN loss, named SN-PatchGAN, by applying spectral-normalized discriminator on dense image patches. SN-PatchGAN is simple in formulation, fast and stable in training. Results on automatic image inpainting and user-guided extension demonstrate that our system generates higher-quality and more flexible results than previous methods. Our system helps user quickly remove distracting objects, modify image layouts, clear watermarks and edit faces. Code, demo and models are available at: https://github.com/JiahuiYu/generative_inpainting

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Image Inpainting with Learnable Bidirectional Attention Maps

    cs.CV 2019-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A U-Net inpainting model with learnable forward and reverse attention maps improves irregular-hole filling over partial convolution and other state-of-the-art methods.

  2. Copy-and-Paste Networks for Deep Video Inpainting

    cs.CV 2019-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Copy-and-Paste Networks fill video holes using a self-supervised alignment network and masked softmax context matching, reaching quality similar to optimization-based methods at a fraction of the runtime.

  3. Onion-Peel Networks for Deep Video Completion

    cs.CV 2019-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Onion-Peel Networks fill video holes progressively from the boundary inward, using asymmetric attention to retrieve content from reference frames, and match or slightly trail an optimization-based method at much lower...

  4. Indoor Depth Completion with Boundary Consistency and Self-Attention

    cs.CV 2019-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A self-attention depth completion network with a Sobel-supervised boundary consistency loss reports state-of-the-art results on Matterport3D.

  5. Boundless: Generative Adversarial Networks for Image Extension

    cs.CV 2019-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Semantic conditioning of a GAN discriminator with pretrained InceptionV3 features improves generated image extensions, especially for large masks.

  6. StructureFlow: Image Inpainting via Structure-aware Appearance Flow

    cs.CV 2019-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    StructureFlow splits inpainting into structure reconstruction on edge-preserved smooth images and texture generation via appearance flow, reporting competitive results on Places2, CelebA, and Paris StreetView.

  7. DRRNet: Macro-Micro Feature Fusion and Dual Reverse Refinement for Camouflaged Object Detection

    cs.CV 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    DRRNet is a four-stage camouflaged object detection network that fuses global and local features and then applies two rounds of reverse refinement to sharpen object boundaries.

  8. Inpainting Insights: Elevating Visual XAI with Photorealistic Perturbations

    cs.LG 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    LILI uses LaMa inpainting and mask expansion to make LIME's perturbations photorealistic, improving FID and saliency scores on ImageNet explanations.

  9. SSDD-GAN: Single-Step Denoising Diffusion GAN for Cochlear Implant Surgical Scene Completion

    cs.CV 2025-02 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    A single-step denoising diffusion GAN with a Patch-GAN discriminator completes surgical microscope scenes, reporting higher SSIM than several inpainting baselines on a small single-patient dataset.

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