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The QCD Sign Problem for Small Chemical Potential

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arxiv hep-lat/0702011 v1 pith:35LI5U7B submitted 2007-02-07 hep-lat hep-thmath-phmath.MP

The QCD Sign Problem for Small Chemical Potential

classification hep-lat hep-thmath-phmath.MP
keywords chemicalpotentialphasefactoraverageexpansionquenchedvalue
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The expectation value of the complex phase factor of the fermion determinant is computed in the microscopic domain of QCD at nonzero chemical potential. We find that the average phase factor is non-vanishing below a critical value of the chemical potential equal to the half the pion mass and vanishes exponentially in the volume for larger values of the chemical potential. This holds for QCD with dynamical quarks as well as for quenched and phase quenched QCD. The average phase factor has an essential singularity for zero chemical potential and cannot be obtained by analytic continuation from imaginary chemical potential or by means of a Taylor expansion. The leading order correction in the $p$-expansion of the chiral Lagrangian is calculated as well.

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  1. Quantum phases at high chemical potential in 2-flavor matrix-QC$_2$D

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    In a matrix model of two-flavor two-color QCD, large baryon/isospin/chiral chemical potentials produce a web of quantum phases, including spin-1 LOFF-like states whose quark spin fraction can approach one.