Pith. sign in

REVIEW 1 major objections 4 minor 74 references

New precision masses show N=126 platinum and gold nuclei are hundreds of keV more bound than expected, revealing a stronger neutron shell gap below lead.

Reviewed by Pith at T0; open to challenge. T0 means a machine referee read the full paper against a public rubric. the ladder, T0–T4 →

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

T0 review · grok-4.5

2026-07-14 08:28 UTC pith:3QQL6HWW

load-bearing objection First precision masses for five neutron-rich Pt/Au nuclei reverse the assumed weakening of the N=126 shell below 208Pb; the central binding claim is solid and does not rest on the residual N=128 extrapolations. the 1 major comments →

arxiv 2607.10894 v1 pith:3QQL6HWW submitted 2026-07-12 nucl-ex nucl-th

Precision masses of neutron-rich platinum and gold nuclei reveal enhanced N=126 shell strength below doubly-magic ²⁰⁸Pb

David Freire-Fern\'andez , Rui-Jiu Chen , Usama Ahmed , Helena M. Albers , Jelena Bardak , Carsten Brandau , Jeroen P. Bormans , R. Burcu Cakirli
show 58 more authors
Rikel Chakma Maeve Cockshutt Iris Dillmann Dmytro Dmytriiev Siddharth Doshi Carlo Forconi Oliver Forstner Wenwen Ge Jan Glorius Magdalena G\`orska Chris J. Griffin Alexandre Gumberidze Regina Hess Pierre-Michel Hillenbrand Nicolas J. Hubbard Calum Jones Beatriz Jurado Kanika Filip G. Kondev Gregor Kosir Wolfram Korten Christophor Kozhuharov Johan Emil Larsson Guy Leckenby Hongfu Li Menglan Liu Sergey Litvinov Yuri A. Litvinov Zhong Liu Bernd Lorentz Hannes Mayr Esther B. Menz Tetsuaki Moriguchi Clemens M. Nickel Zachary Nunns Fatma Cagla Ozturk Nikolaos Petridis Zsolt Podolyak Shahab Sanjari Ragandeep Singh Sidhu Markus Steck Thomas St\"ohlker Jelena Vesic Meng Wang Qian Wang Philip M. Walker Helmut Weick Michael Weinert Kathrin Wimmer Boguslaw W{\l}och Xing Xu Takayuki Yamaguchi Xinliang Yan Yue Yu Cenxi Yuan Min Zhang Yuhu Zhang Xu Zhou
This is my paper
classification nucl-ex nucl-th
keywords nuclear massesN=126 shell closurestorage-ring mass spectrometryr-processplatinum isotopesgold isotopesshell evolutionproton-neutron interaction
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

This paper reports the first precision mass measurements of neutron-rich platinum and gold nuclei that straddle the N=126 shell closure, nuclei that had been essentially inaccessible to direct experiment. The N=126 isotones 204Pt and 205Au turn out to be 403 keV and 464 keV more strongly bound than the prior extrapolated mass surface. That extra binding reverses the previously inferred weakening of the N=126 shell gap as protons are removed from doubly-magic 208Pb and produces a clear local discontinuity in separation-energy filters. The same data also expose an unexpected split in average proton-neutron interaction strength between the Au-Hg and Tl-Pb chains at N=126. Because the N=126 gap shapes the third r-process abundance peak near gold and platinum, the revised mass surface supplies new experimental anchors for both nuclear-structure models and heavy-element nucleosynthesis calculations.

Core claim

The first storage-ring mass measurements of 203,204Pt and 204,205,206Au show that the N=126 isotones 204Pt and 205Au are more strongly bound than AME2020 extrapolations by 403 keV and 464 keV, respectively. This additional binding raises the empirical two-neutron and one-neutron shell-gap indicators at platinum and gold, demonstrating that the N=126 neutron shell remains robust, and even strengthens relative to prior trends, as protons are removed from 208Pb.

What carries the argument

Local polynomial calibration of revolution-frequency centroids obtained by combined Schottky and isochronous mass spectrometry (S+IMS) in a heavy-ion storage ring, converted into atomic mass excesses and then into finite-difference mass filters (Δ2n, Δ1n, δVpn) that isolate shell strength and proton-neutron interaction strength.

Load-bearing premise

The two-neutron shell-gap values still rely on extrapolated masses for the N=128 neighbours, which rest on the assumption that the mass surface remains smooth enough near the shell closure for local AME updates to be reliable.

What would settle it

Direct mass measurements of the N=128 isotones 206Pt and 207Au (or of the next lower-Z N=126 isotones 203Ir and 202Os together with their N=125 and N=127 neighbours) that either confirm or reverse the reported rise in the empirical shell-gap indicators.

Watch this falsifier — get emailed when new claim-graph text bears on it.

If this is right

  • Empirical N=126 shell-gap systematics below lead reverse the smooth weakening previously inferred from extrapolations.
  • Global and local mass models must now reproduce ~400 keV of extra binding at 204Pt and 205Au when extrapolating toward the r-process path.
  • r-process network calculations that assumed a weakening N=126 gap need re-evaluation with the updated mass surface.
  • The newly observed bifurcation in average proton-neutron interaction strength at N=126 becomes a benchmark for microscopic interactions below 208Pb.
  • The drip-line estimate for N=126 isotones is shifted toward still lower proton numbers once the stronger binding is taken as baseline.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • If the bifurcation in proton-neutron interaction continues below platinum, hole-hole correlations across the N=126 gap may be a general feature of the lower-Z isotones rather than a local anomaly.
  • The same S+IMS technique, now demonstrated for broadband heavy-ion measurements, can be applied to the next N=126 candidates (Ir, Os) once production rates allow, directly testing whether the shell remains strong.
  • A stronger local shell gap would lengthen the N=126 waiting-point lifetimes relative to earlier simulations, potentially narrowing the predicted A~195 abundance peak under more moderate neutron-rich conditions.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

1 major / 4 minor

Summary. The manuscript reports the first precision mass measurements of 203,204Pt and 204,205,206Au performed at the GSI ESR with a novel combination of Schottky and isochronous mass spectrometry. The N=126 isotones 204Pt and 205Au are found to be more strongly bound than the AME2020 extrapolations by 403 and 464 keV, respectively (Table 1). These anchors reverse the previously inferred weakening of the N=126 shell gap below 208Pb, as quantified by the empirical shell-gap indicators Δ2n and Δ1n (Fig. 2) and by a local update of the AME network for the required N=128 neighbours. An additional observation is a bifurcation in the average proton–neutron interaction strength δVpn at N=126 between the Au–Hg and Tl–Pb trends (Fig. 3). The results are presented as direct experimental benchmarks for shell-model and global mass models used in r-process calculations.

Significance. If the mass excesses hold, the work supplies the first experimental anchors two proton numbers below mercury for the N=126 closure, a region previously known only from extrapolations and models that diverge rapidly. The >400 keV extra binding at 204Pt and 205Au is large enough to reverse the smooth weakening trend assumed in recent r-process studies of the A≈195 peak and to constrain the single-particle and monopole content of shell-model Hamiltonians south of 208Pb. Strengths that support the claim include local polynomial calibrations against nearby known isobars, empirical peak-shape templates, leave-one-out systematic-error estimation, independent charge-state consistency checks for 205Au, and agreement with a prior multi-reflection TOF result for 205Au. The purely experimental filters (Δ1n for Au from the three consecutive new masses; shifted Δ2n(N=124)) already show the enhancement without relying on N=128 extrapolations.

major comments (1)
  1. The central claim of enhanced N=126 shell strength rests on the direct mass excesses in Table 1, which are independent of N=128 masses and are supported by the local calibrations (Supplementary Tables 4–6) and the MR-TOF consistency check. No load-bearing inconsistency is found in those values. The residual dependence of the conventional Δ2n(N=126) indicators on the post-measurement AME re-extrapolations of 206Pt and 207Au (Methods, Table 2) is secondary: the paper already demonstrates the same enhancement with purely experimental filters. I therefore raise no major technical objection that would reverse the >400 keV extra binding.
minor comments (4)
  1. In the abstract and introduction the phrase “unexpectedly enhanced” is used; a brief quantitative comparison with the shell-model prediction of Yuan et al. (already shown in Fig. 2) would make the degree of enhancement clearer for non-specialists.
  2. Figure 1 caption and Extended Data Fig. 4: the harmonic numbers and the precise frequency windows used for each reported mass are given, but a short sentence in the main text stating that the A=204 pair is essentially a local interpolation anchored by 204Hg would help readers assess the dominant systematic contribution (Supplementary Table 6).
  3. Methods, shell-model section: the statement that a 0.1 MeV modification of the proton–proton matrix elements was introduced to improve Au/Pt/Ir binding energies is useful; it would be helpful to note explicitly whether the Yuan22 interaction used for the curves in Figs. 1 and 2 already includes that modification or is the unmodified version.
  4. Supplementary Note 4: the excitation energy of 205mAu is given as 929.68(13.94) keV; the main text quotes 930(14) keV. Rounding is fine, but the two values should be made identical for consistency.

Circularity Check

1 steps flagged

Primary mass excesses are independent experimental anchors calibrated to external AME2020 references; only a transparent, secondary AME re-extrapolation for unmeasured N=128 neighbours enters derived Δ2n indicators.

specific steps
  1. other [Methods, ‘Masses of N=128 isotones 207Au and 206Pt’; Table 2; Fig. 2(a)]
    "Because the new masses differ substantially from the AME2020 extrapolations, a local update of the AME was carried out to achieve the most reliable predictions of the required masses... The obtained values for Ir, Pt and Au isotopes are given in Methods and will be published in the forthcoming issue of the AME, AME2026. The resulting N=126 shell-gap indicator is shown in Fig. 2 (a). The new masses raise the Pt and Au shell-gap values by 0.496 and 0.717 MeV, respectively..."

    The conventional Δ2n(N=126) for Pt and Au still requires unmeasured N=128 masses. After inserting the new data the authors re-run the AME smooth-surface extrapolation and then use those updated extrapolations to compute the very shell-gap indicator that is said to be enhanced by the new data. The dependence is secondary (purely experimental Δ1n and shifted-gap filters already show the enhancement) and is transparently labelled, but it is a mild post-hoc feedback of the new measurements into the derived quantity.

full rationale

The load-bearing results are the five ground-state mass excesses in Table 1, obtained by local polynomial calibration of Schottky centroids against nearby known isobars (especially 204Hg for the A=204 pair; Supplementary Tables 4–6 and Methods). These calibrations use external AME2020 reference masses and do not involve the N=128 nuclei or any self-fitted shell-gap parameter. The claimed extra binding of 403 keV (204Pt) and 464 keV (205Au) is therefore a direct comparison of new measurements to prior AME2020 extrapolations. Standard finite-difference filters (Δ1n, shifted Δ2n(N=124), δVpn) are then applied; for Au the Δ1n(N=126) point uses only the three consecutive new masses 204–206Au and is purely experimental. The sole mild circularity is the post-measurement local AME update (Methods, Table 2) that supplies extrapolated 206Pt and 207Au masses for the conventional Δ2n(N=126) values shown as open symbols in Fig. 2(a). That update is explicitly labelled, does not feed back into the reported ground-state masses, and is not required for the paper’s strongest claim. Shell-model comparisons (Yuan22) are benchmarks, not inputs. No self-definitional loop, fitted-parameter-as-prediction, uniqueness theorem, or ansatz smuggling is present. Score 1 reflects only the secondary, transparent extrapolation dependence.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

2 free parameters · 3 axioms · 0 invented entities

The paper is an experimental mass measurement; it inherits standard nuclear-physics definitions of binding energy, separation energies and shell-gap filters, plus the operational assumptions of isochronous storage-ring spectrometry. No free parameters are fitted to produce the central mass values; the only adjustable elements are the local polynomial degree and the empirical peak-shape template, both validated by leave-one-out tests. No new physical entities are postulated.

free parameters (2)
  • local polynomial degree and centering constants
    Chosen per frequency window (degree 1–3) on the basis of leave-one-out χ²; not a global fit to the physics claim but a calibration choice that affects the final mass uncertainties.
  • empirical peak-shape template scale factors
    Constructed from high-statistics reference peaks and allowed limited scale variation; validated by residual bootstrap and by the resolved 205m/gAu doublet.
axioms (3)
  • domain assumption Revolution frequency in the isochronous mode is a direct measure of m/q once γ≈γt (Eq. 1).
    Standard storage-ring mass spectrometry; residual γt non-linearities are absorbed into the empirical template.
  • domain assumption Finite-difference mass filters (Δ2n, Δ1n, δVpn) isolate shell and interaction strengths.
    Standard nuclear-structure definitions used throughout the literature and restated in Methods.
  • ad hoc to paper AME extrapolation procedure remains locally valid after insertion of the new masses for the N=128 neighbors.
    Required to quote Δ2n for Pt and Au; the paper itself flags that the smooth-surface assumption is weaker near shell closures.

pith-pipeline@v1.1.0-grok45 · 35371 in / 2422 out tokens · 30020 ms · 2026-07-14T08:28:11.294247+00:00 · methodology

0 comments
read the original abstract

The heaviest stable nuclei in the universe owe their existence to quantum shell structure, the grouping of protons and neutrons into discrete energy levels separated by gaps. The largest known neutron shell gap in stable nuclei, at $N=126$, stabilizes doubly-magic $^{208}$Pb and is responsible for the characteristic abundance peak of heavy elements near gold and platinum produced by the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process). Whether this shell gap persists as protons are removed from lead is a question central to both nuclear structure and the modeling of heavy-element synthesis, yet it has remained unanswered due to the extraordinary difficulty of producing the relevant neutron-rich nuclei. Direct experimental knowledge in this region was essentially absent. Here we report the first precision mass measurements of $^{203,204}$Pt and $^{204,205,206}$Au, performed at GSI using a novel combination of Schottky and isochronous mass spectrometry in a heavy-ion storage ring. The $N=126$ isotones $^{204}$Pt and $^{205}$Au are more strongly bound than the extrapolated trend of the previously known mass surface by 403 and 464~keV, respectively, revealing an unexpectedly enhanced $N=126$ shell strength below doubly-magic $^{208}$Pb. Furthermore, the proton-neutron interaction strength exhibits a hitherto unobserved bifurcation at $N=126$ as protons are removed from $^{208}$Pb. Our results redefine the nuclear mass surface in the neutron-rich heavy-element region and provide direct experimental benchmarks for theoretical models whose extrapolations toward more exotic nuclei are essential for r-process nucleosynthesis calculations.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

74 extracted references

  1. [1]

    Evo- lution of shell structure in exotic nuclei.Rev

    Takaharu Otsuka, Alexandra Gade, Olivier Sorlin, Toshio Suzuki, and Yutaka Utsuno. Evo- lution of shell structure in exotic nuclei.Rev. Mod. Phys., 92:015002, 2020

    2020

  2. [2]

    Cowan, Christopher Sneden, James E

    John J. Cowan, Christopher Sneden, James E. Lawler, Ani Aprahamian, Michael Wiescher, Karlheinz Langanke, Gabriel Martínez-Pinedo, and Friedrich-Karl Thielemann. Origin of the heaviest elements: The rapid neutron-capture process.Rev. Mod. Phys., 93:015002, 2021

    2021

  3. [3]

    Shell-model study on spectroscopic properties in the region “south” of 208Pb.Physical Review C, 106(4):044314, 2022

    Cenxi Yuan, Menglan Liu, Noritaka Shimizu, Zsolt Podolyák, Toshio Suzuki, Takaharu Otsuka, and Zhong Liu. Shell-model study on spectroscopic properties in the region “south” of 208Pb.Physical Review C, 106(4):044314, 2022

    2022

  4. [4]

    McLaughlin, and Rebecca Surman

    Mengke Li, Gail C. McLaughlin, and Rebecca Surman. Implications of a weakening N=126 shell closure away from stability for r-process astrophysical conditions.Physics Letters B, 872:140109, 2026

    2026

  5. [5]

    Wang, W.J

    M. Wang, W.J. Huang, F.G. Kondev, G. Audi, and S. Naimi. The AME2020 atomic mass evaluation (ii). tables, graphs and references.Chinese Physics C, 45:030003, 2021. The numerical table used was taken from the Atomic Mass Data Center:https://www-nds. iaea.org/amdc/

    2021

  6. [6]

    Zhang, R.F

    J.-Y. Zhang, R.F. Casten, and D.S. Brenner. Empirical proton-neutron interaction energies. Linearity and saturation phenomena.Phys. Lett. B, 227:1 – 5, 1989

    1989

  7. [7]

    On closed shells in nuclei

    Maria Goeppert Mayer. On closed shells in nuclei. ii.Phys. Rev., 75:1969–1970, Jun 1949

    1969

  8. [8]

    magic numbers

    Otto Haxel, J. Hans D. Jensen, and Hans E. Suess. On the "magic numbers" in nuclear structure.Phys. Rev., 75:1766–1766, Jun 1949

    1949

  9. [9]

    High-accuracy mass spectrometry with stored ions.Phys

    Klaus Blaum. High-accuracy mass spectrometry with stored ions.Phys. Rep., 425:1 – 78, 2006

    2006

  10. [10]

    Yamaguchi, H

    T. Yamaguchi, H. Koura, Yu.A. Litvinov, and M. Wang. Masses of exotic nuclei.Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 120:103882, 2021

    2021

  11. [11]

    Kanungo, C

    R. Kanungo, C. Nociforo, A. Prochazka, T. Aumann, D. Boutin, D. Cortina-Gil, B. Davids, M. Diakaki, F. Farinon, H. Geissel, R. Gernhäuser, J. Gerl, R. Janik, B. Jonson, B. Kindler, R. Knöbel, R. Krücken, M. Lantz, H. Lenske, Y. Litvinov, B. Lommel, K. Mahata, P. Maier- beck, A. Musumarra, T. Nilsson, T. Otsuka, C. Perro, C. Scheidenberger, B. Sitar, P. St...

    2009

  12. [12]

    Physics of exotic nuclei.Nat

    Yanlin Ye, Xiaofei Yang, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, and Baishan Hu. Physics of exotic nuclei.Nat. Rev. Phys., 7:21–37, 2025

    2025

  13. [13]

    Y. M. Xing, Y. F. Luo, Y. H. Zhang, M. Wang, X. H. Zhou, J. G. Li, K. H. Li, Q. Yuan, Y. F. Niu, J. Y. Guo, J. C. Pei, F. R. Xu, G. de Angelis, Yu. A. Litvinov, K. Blaum, I. Tanihata, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Yu, X. Zhou, H. S. Xu, Z. Y. Chen, R. J. Chen, H. Y. Deng, C. Y. Fu, W. W. Ge, W. J. Huang, H. Y. Jiao, H. F. Li, T. Liao, J. Y. Shi, M. Si, M. Z. Sun, P. S...

    2025

  14. [14]

    Margaret Burbidge, G

    E. Margaret Burbidge, G. R. Burbidge, William A. Fowler, and F. Hoyle. Synthesis of the Elements in Stars.Rev. Mod. Phys., 29:547–650, 1957

    1957

  15. [15]

    Day Goodacre, A

    T. Day Goodacre, A. V. Afanasjev, A. E. Barzakh, L. Nies, B. A. Marsh, S. Sels, U. C. Perera, P. Ring, F. Wienholtz, A. N. Andreyev, P. Van Duppen, N. A. Althubiti, B. Andel, D. Atanasov, R. S. Augusto, J. Billowes, K. Blaum, T. E. Cocolios, J. G. Cubiss, G. J. Farooq-Smith, D. V. Fedorov, V. N. Fedosseev, K. T. Flanagan, L. P. Gaffney, L. Ghys, A. Gottbe...

    2021

  16. [16]

    Alpha branching in the decay of Pb210 and Bi210; a new mercyry isotope Hg206

    P Kauranen. Alpha branching in the decay of Pb210 and Bi210; a new mercyry isotope Hg206. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, series A VI (Finland), 6:96, 1962

    1962

  17. [17]

    Sobiczewski, Yu.A

    A. Sobiczewski, Yu.A. Litvinov, and M. Palczewski. Detailed illustration of the accuracy of currently used nuclear-mass models.Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, 119:1–32, 2018

    2018

  18. [18]

    Nucleonic shells and nuclear masses.Phys

    Landon Buskirk, Kyle Godbey, Witold Nazarewicz, and Wojciech Satuła. Nucleonic shells and nuclear masses.Phys. Rev. C, 109:044311, 2024

    2024

  19. [19]

    Duflo and A.P

    J. Duflo and A.P. Zuker. Microscopic mass formulas.Phys. Rev. C, 52:R23(R)–R27(R), 1995

    1995

  20. [20]

    Möller, A.J

    P. Möller, A.J. Sierk, T. Ichikawa, and H. Sagawa. Nuclear ground-state masses and defor- mations: FRDM(2012).Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, 109-110:1–204, 2016

    2012

  21. [21]

    Surface diffuseness correction in global mass formula.Physics Letters B, 734:215–219, 2014

    Ning Wang, Min Liu, Xizhen Wu, and Jie Meng. Surface diffuseness correction in global mass formula.Physics Letters B, 734:215–219, 2014

    2014

  22. [22]

    Goriely, N

    S. Goriely, N. Chamel, and J. M. Pearson. Further explorations of Skyrme-Hartree-Fock- Bogoliubov mass formulas. XII: Stiffness and stability of neutron-star matter.Physical Review C, 82:035804, 2010

    2010

  23. [23]

    Scheidenberger and H

    C. Scheidenberger and H. Geissel. Penetration of relativistic heavy ions through matter. Nucl. Instr. Meth. B, 135(1-4):25–34, February 1998

    1998

  24. [24]

    The heavy ion storage and cooler ring project ESR at GSI.Nucl

    Bernhard Franzke. The heavy ion storage and cooler ring project ESR at GSI.Nucl. Instr. Meth. B, 24-25:18 – 25, 1987

    1987

  25. [25]

    Secondary Exotic Nuclear Beams.Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, 45(1):163–203, December 1995

    H Geissel, G Munzenberg, and K Riisager. Secondary Exotic Nuclear Beams.Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, 45(1):163–203, December 1995

    1995

  26. [26]

    Benlliure, K.-H

    J. Benlliure, K.-H. Schmidt, D. Cortina-Gil, T. Enqvist, F. Farget, A. Heinz, A.R. Junghans, J. Pereira, and J. Taieb. Production of neutron-rich isotopes by cold fragmentation in the reaction 197Au + Be at 950 A MeV.Nuclear Physics A, 660:87–100, 1999

    1999

  27. [27]

    Rodríguez-Sánchez, J

    J.L. Rodríguez-Sánchez, J. Benlliure, I. Vidaña, H. Lenske, C. Scheidenberger, J. Vargas, H. Alvarez-Pol, J. Atkinson, T. Aumann, Y. Ayyad, S. Beceiro-Novo, K. Boretzky, M. Caa- maño, E. Casarejos, D. Cortina-Gil, P. Díaz Fernández, A. Estrade, H. Geissel, E. Haet- tner, A. Kelić-Heil, Yu.A. Litvinov, C. Paradela, D. Pérez-Loureiro, S. Pietri, A. Proc- ha...

    2020

  28. [28]

    Tarasov and D

    O.B. Tarasov and D. Bazin. LISE++: Radioactive beam production with in-flight separa- tors.Nucl. Instr. Meth. B, 266(19-20):4657–4664, October 2008

    2008

  29. [29]

    O. B. Tarasov and D. Bazin. The LISE++ software for fragment separator simulations. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 376:348–352, 2016

    2016

  30. [30]

    Mass and lifetime measure- ments of exotic nuclei in storage rings.Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 27:428–469, 2008

    Bernhard Franzke, Hans Geissel, and Gottfried Münzenberg. Mass and lifetime measure- ments of exotic nuclei in storage rings.Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 27:428–469, 2008

    2008

  31. [31]

    Litvinov

    Markus Steck and Yuri A. Litvinov. Heavy-ion storage rings and their use in precision experiments with highly charged ions.Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 115:103811, 2020

    2020

  32. [32]

    First isochronous mass spectrometry at the experimental storage ring ESR.Nucl

    M Hausmann, F Attallah, K Beckert, F Bosch, A Dolinskiy, H Eickhoff, M Falch, B Franczak, B Franzke, H Geissel, Th Kerscher, O Klepper, H.-J Kluge, C Kozhuharov, K.E.G Löbner, G Münzenberg, F Nolden, Yu.N Novikov, T Radon, H Schatz, C Schei- denberger, J Stadlmann, M Steck, T Winkler, and H Wollnik. First isochronous mass spectrometry at the experimental ...

    2000

  33. [33]

    X. L. Tu, X. C. Chen, J. T. Zhang, P. Shuai, K. Yue, X. Xu, C. Y. Fu, Q. Zeng, X. Zhou, Y. M. Xing, J. X. Wu, R. S. Mao, L. J. Mao, K. H. Fang, Z. Y. Sun, M. Wang, J. C. Yang, Yu. A. Litvinov, K. Blaum, Y. H. Zhang, Y. J. Yuan, X. W. Ma, X. H. Zhou, and H. S. Xu. First application of combined isochronous and Schottky mass spectrometry: Half-lives of fully...

    2018

  34. [34]

    Freire-Fernández, W

    D. Freire-Fernández, W. Korten, R. J. Chen, S. Litvinov, Yu. A. Litvinov, M. S. Sanjari, H. Weick, F. C. Akinci, H. M. Albers, M. Armstrong, A. Banerjee, K. Blaum, C. Brandau, B.A.Brown, C.G.Bruno, J.J.Carroll, X.Chen, C.J.Chiara, M.L.Cortes, S.F.Dellmann, I. Dillmann, D. Dmytriiev, O. Forstner, H. Geissel, J. Glorius, A. Görgen, M. Górska, C. J. Griffin,...

    2024

  35. [35]

    M. S. Sanjari, D. Dmytriiev, Yu. A. Litvinov, O. Gumenyuk, R. Hess, R. Joseph, S. A. Litvinov, M. Steck, and Th. Stöhlker. A 410 MHz resonant cavity pickup for heavy ion storage rings.Rev. Sci. Int., 91(8):083303, August 2020

    2020

  36. [36]

    Beta decay of highly charged ions.Rep

    Yuri A Litvinov and Fritz Bosch. Beta decay of highly charged ions.Rep. Prog. Phys., 74:016301, 2011

    2011

  37. [37]

    Litvinov, and Thomas Stöhlker

    Fritz Bosch, Yuri A. Litvinov, and Thomas Stöhlker. Nuclear physics with unstable ions at storage rings.Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 73:84 – 140, 2013

    2013

  38. [38]

    X.L. Tu, M. Wang, Yu.A. Litvinov, Y.H. Zhang, H.S. Xu, Z.Y. Sun, G. Audi, K. Blaum, C.M. Du, W.X. Huang, Z.G. Hu, P. Geng, S.L. Jin, L.X. Liu, Y. Liu, B. Mei, R.S. Mao, X.W. Ma, H. Suzuki, P. Shuai, Y. Sun, S.W. Tang, J.S. Wang, S.T. Wang, G.Q. Xiao, X. Xu, J.W. Xia, J.C. Yang, R.P. Ye, T. Yamaguchi, X.L. Yan, Y.J. Yuan, Y. Yamaguchi, Y.D. Zang, H.W. Zhao...

    2011

  39. [39]

    Xing, Y.H

    Y.M. Xing, Y.H. Zhang, M. Wang, Yu.A. Litvinov, R.J. Chen, X.C. Chen, C.Y. Fu, H.F. Li, P. Shuai, M. Si, et al. Particle identification and revolution time corrections for the isochronous mass spectrometry in storage rings.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equip- ment, 941:...

    2019

  40. [40]

    Litvinov, H

    Yu.A. Litvinov, H. Geissel, T. Radon, F. Attallah, G. Audi, K. Beckert, F. Bosch, M. Falch, B. Franzke, M. Hausmann, M. Hellström, Th. Kerscher, O. Klepper, H.-J. Kluge, C. Kozhuharov, K.E.G. Löbner, G. Münzenberg, F. Nolden, Yu.N. Novikov, W. Quint, Z. Patyk, H. Reich, C. Scheidenberger, B. Schlitt, M. Steck, K. Sümmerer, L. Vermeeren, M. Winkler, Th. Wi...

    2005

  41. [41]

    PhD thesis, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, 2023

    Daler Amanbayev.Mass measurements at the N=Z and N=126 limits at the FRS Ion Catcher and development of the Cryogenic Stopping Cell for the Super-FRS. PhD thesis, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, 2023

    2023

  42. [42]

    Plaß, Timo Dickel, Sivaji Purushothaman, Peter Dendooven, Hans Geissel, Jens Ebert, Emma Haettner, Christoph Jesch, Manjeet Ranjan, Moritz P

    Wolfgang R. Plaß, Timo Dickel, Sivaji Purushothaman, Peter Dendooven, Hans Geissel, Jens Ebert, Emma Haettner, Christoph Jesch, Manjeet Ranjan, Moritz P. Reiter, Helmut Weick, Faiza Amjad, Samuel Ayet, Martin Diwisch, Araceli Estradé, Francesco Farinon, Flo- rian Greiner, Nasser Kalantar-Nayestanaki, Ronja Knöbel, Julien Lang, Iain D. Moore, Ivan Mukha, C...

    2013

  43. [43]

    Plaß, Andreas Becker, Uwe Czok, Hans Geissel, Emma Haettner, Christoph Jesch, Wolfgang Kinsel, Martin Petrick, Christoph Scheidenberger, Andreas Si- mon, and Mikhail I

    Timo Dickel, Wolfgang R. Plaß, Andreas Becker, Uwe Czok, Hans Geissel, Emma Haettner, Christoph Jesch, Wolfgang Kinsel, Martin Petrick, Christoph Scheidenberger, Andreas Si- mon, and Mikhail I. Yavor. A high-performance multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spec- trometer and isobar separator for the research with exotic nuclei.Nuclear Instruments and M...

    2015

  44. [44]

    Podolyák, G.F

    Zs. Podolyák, G.F. Farrelly, P.H. Regan, A.B. Garnsworthy, S.J. Steer, M. Górska, J. Ben- lliure, E. Casarejos, S. Pietri, J. Gerl, H.J. Wollersheim, R. Kumar, F. Molina, A. Al- gora, N. Alkhomashi, G. Benzoni, A. Blazhev, P. Boutachkov, A.M. Bruce, L. Caceres, I.J. Cullen, A.M. Denis Bacelar, P. Doornenbal, M.E. Estevez, Y. Fujita, W. Gelletly, H. Geis- ...

    2009

  45. [45]

    Kondev, M

    F.G. Kondev, M. Wang, W.J. Huang, S. Naimi, and G. Audi. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear physics properties.Chinese Physics C, 45(3):030001, 2021

    2021

  46. [46]

    The empirical shell gap revisited in light of recent high precision mass spectrometry data.The European Physical Journal A, 59(2):22, 2023

    Vladimir Manea, Maxime Mougeot, and David Lunney. The empirical shell gap revisited in light of recent high precision mass spectrometry data.The European Physical Journal A, 59(2):22, 2023

    2023

  47. [47]

    T. L. Tang, B. P. Kay, C. R. Hoffman, J. P. Schiffer, D. K. Sharp, L. P. Gaffney, S. J. Freeman, M. R. Mumpower, A. Arokiaraj, E. F. Baader, P. A. Butler, W. N. Catford, 22 G. de Angelis, F. Flavigny, M. D. Gott, E. T. Gregor, J. Konki, M. Labiche, I. H. Lazarus, P. T. MacGregor, I. Martel, R. D. Page, Zs. Podolyák, O. Poleshchuk, R. Raabe, F. Recchia, J....

    2020

  48. [48]

    Mumpower, Rebecca Surman, D.-L

    Matthew R. Mumpower, Rebecca Surman, D.-L. Fang, Toshihiko Kawano, and Ani Apra- hamian. The impact of individual nuclear properties on r-process nucleosynthesis.Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, 86:86–126, 2016

    2016

  49. [49]

    Federman and S

    P. Federman and S. Pittel. Towards a unified microscopic description of nuclear deformation. Physics Letters, 69B(4):385–388, 1977

    1977

  50. [50]

    Rodrigues, P

    G.C. Rodrigues, P. Indelicato, J.P. Santos, P. Patte, and F. Parente. Systematic calculation of total atomic energies of ground state configurations.At. Data Nucl. Data Tab., 86:117– 233, 2004

    2004

  51. [51]

    Cakirli, D

    R.B. Cakirli, D. S. Brenner, R. F. Casten, and E. A. Millmann. Proton-neutron interactions and the new atomic masses.Phys. Rev. Lett., 94:638 – 645, 2005

    2005

  52. [52]

    D. S. Brenner, R. B. Cakirli, and R. F. Casten. Valence proton-neutron interactions through- out the mass surface.Phys. Rev. C, 73:034315, Mar 2006

    2006

  53. [53]

    Radon, Th

    T. Radon, Th. Kerscher, B. Schlitt, K. Beckert, T. Beha, F. Bosch, H. Eickhoff, B. Franzke, Y. Fujita, H. Geissel, M. Hausmann, H. Irnich, H. C. Jung, O. Klepper, H.-J. Kluge, C. Kozhuharov, G. Kraus, K. E. G. Löbner, G. Münzenberg, Yu. Novikov, F. Nickel, F. Nolden, Z. Patyk, H. Reich, C. Scheidenberger, W. Schwab, M. Steck, K. Sümmerer, and H. Wollnik. ...

    1997

  54. [54]

    Steck, P

    M. Steck, P. Beller, K. Beckert, B. Franzke, and F. Nolden. Electron cooling experiments at the ESR.Nucl. Instr. Meth. A, 532:357 – 365, 2004

    2004

  55. [55]

    Hausmann, J

    M. Hausmann, J. Stadlmann, F. Attallah, K. Beckert, P. Beller, F. Bosch, H. Eickhoff, M. Falch, B. Franczak, B. Franzke, H. Geissel, Th. Kerscher, O. Klepper, H.-J. Kluge, C. Kozhuharov, Yu.A. Litvinov, K.E.G. Löbner, G. Münzenberg, N. Nankov, F. Nolden, Yu.N. Novikov, T. Ohtsubo, T. Radon, H. Schatz, C. Scheidenberger, M. Steck, Z. Sun, H. Weick, and H. ...

    2001

  56. [56]

    Direct mass measurement of bare short-lived44V, 48Mn, 41Ti and45Cr ions with isochronous mass spectrometry.Phys

    J Stadlmann, M Hausmann, F Attallah, K Beckert, P Beller, F Bosch, H Eickhoff, M Falch, B Franczak, B Franzke, H Geissel, Th Kerscher, O Klepper, H J Kluge, C Kozhuharov, Yu A Litvinov, K E G Löbner, M Matos, G Münzenberg, N Nankov, F Nolden, Yu N Novikov, T Ohtsubo, T Radon, H Schatz, C Scheidenberger, M Steck, H Weick, and H Wollnik. Direct mass measure...

    2004

  57. [57]

    Trötscher, K

    J. Trötscher, K. Balog, H. Eickhoff, B. Franczak, B. Franzke, Y. Fujita, H. Geissel, Ch. Klein, J. Knollmann, A. Kraft, K.E.G. Löbner, A. Magel, G. Münzenberg, A. Przewloka, D. Rosenauer, H. Schäfer, M. Sendor, D.J. Vieira, B. Vogel, Th. Winkelmann, and H. Woll- nik. Mass measurements of exotic nuclei at the ESR.Nucl. Instr. Meth. B, 70:455 – 458, 1992

    1992

  58. [58]

    A high performance time-of-flight detector applied to isochronous mass measurement at CSRe.Nucl

    Bo Mei, Xiaolin Tu, Meng Wang, Hushan Xu, Ruishi Mao, Zhengguo Hu, Xinwen Ma, Youjin Yuan, Xueying Zhang, Peng Geng, Peng Shuai, Yongdong Zang, Shuwen Tang, Peng Ma, Wan Lu, Xinshuai Yan, Jiawen Xia, Guoqing Xiao, Zhongyan Guo, Hongbin 23 Zhang, and Ke Yue. A high performance time-of-flight detector applied to isochronous mass measurement at CSRe.Nucl. In...

    2010

  59. [59]

    Storage ring mass spectrometry for nuclear structure and astrophysics research.Phys

    Y H Zhang, Yu A Litvinov, T Uesaka, and H S Xu. Storage ring mass spectrometry for nuclear structure and astrophysics research.Phys. Scripta, 91:073002, 2016

    2016

  60. [60]

    Non-destructive diagnostics of coasting beams with Schottky noise

    J Borer, Peter Bramham, H G Hereward, K Hübner, Wolfgang Schnell, and L Thorndahl. Non-destructive diagnostics of coasting beams with Schottky noise. InProceedings, IXth International Conference on High Energy Accelerators, SLAC, Stanford, 2-7 May 1974, pages 53–56, May 1974

    1974

  61. [61]

    Litvinov, H

    Yu.A. Litvinov, H. Geissel, Yu.N. Novikov, Z. Patyk, T. Radon, C. Scheidenberger, F. Attal- lah, K. Beckert, F. Bosch, M. Falch, B. Franzke, M. Hausmann, Th. Kerscher, O. Klepper, H.-J. Kluge, C. Kozhuharov, K.E.G. Löbner, G. Münzenberg, F. Nolden, M. Steck, and H. Wollnik. Precision experiments with time-resolved Schottky mass spectrometry.Nucl. Phys. A,...

    2004

  62. [62]

    Nolden, P

    F. Nolden, P. Hülsmann, Yu.A. Litvinov, P. Moritz, C. Peschke, P. Petri, M.S. Sanjari, M. Steck, H. Weick, J.X. Wu, Y.D. Zang, S.H. Zhang, and T.C. Zhao. A fast and sensitive resonant Schottky pick-up for heavy ion storage rings.Nucl. Instr. Meth. A, 659:69 – 77, 2011

    2011

  63. [63]

    M. S. Sanjari, D. Dmytriiev, Yu. A. Litvinov, O. Gumenyuk, R. Hess, R. Joseph, S. A. Litvinov, M. Steck, and Th. Stöhlker. A 410 MHz resonant cavity pickup for heavy ion storage rings.Rev. Sci. Instr., 91:083303, 2020

    2020

  64. [64]

    Walker, Yu

    P.M. Walker, Yu. A. Litvinov, and H. Geissel. The ILIMA project at FAIR.Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 349-350:247 – 254, 2013

    2013

  65. [65]

    A resonant schottky pickup for the study of highly charged ions in storage rings.Physica Scripta, 2013(T156):014088, sep 2013

    M S Sanjari, P Hülsmann, F Nolden, A Schempp, J X Wu, D Atanasov, F Bosch, C Kozhuharov, Yu A Litvinov, P Moritz, C Peschke, P Petri, D Shubina, M Steck, H Weick, N Winckler, Y D Zang, and T C Zhao. A resonant schottky pickup for the study of highly charged ions in storage rings.Physica Scripta, 2013(T156):014088, sep 2013

    2013

  66. [66]

    A new data acquisition system for Schottky signals in atomic physics experiments at GSI’s and FAIR’s storage rings.Physica Scripta, 2015(T166):014062, nov 2015

    C Trageser, C Brandau, C Kozhuharov, Yu A Litvinov, A Müller, F Nolden, S Sanjari, and T Stöhlker. A new data acquisition system for Schottky signals in atomic physics experiments at GSI’s and FAIR’s storage rings.Physica Scripta, 2015(T166):014062, nov 2015

    2015

  67. [67]

    Spectral baseline estimation using penalized least squares with weights derived from the Bayesian method.Nuclear Science and Techniques, 33(11):148, November 2022

    Qian Wang, Xin-Liang Yan, Xiang-Cheng Chen, Peng Shuai, Meng Wang, and Yu-Hu Zhang. Spectral baseline estimation using penalized least squares with weights derived from the Bayesian method.Nuclear Science and Techniques, 33(11):148, November 2022

    2022

  68. [68]

    RionID: Collection of code for the identification of ringed ions in Python.Zenodo, 8169341, 2023

    David Freire-Fernández and George Hudson-Chang. RionID: Collection of code for the identification of ringed ions in Python.Zenodo, 8169341, 2023

    2023

  69. [69]

    Warburton and B.A

    E.K. Warburton and B.A. Brown. Appraisal of the Kuo-Herling shell-model interaction and application toA=210–212 nuclei.Physical Review C, 43(2):602–617, 1991

    1991

  70. [70]

    Recent progress in configuration–interaction shell model.Int

    Menglan Liu and Cenxi Yuan. Recent progress in configuration–interaction shell model.Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 32(12):2330003, 2023

    2023

  71. [71]

    Isomerism in the southeastern region of208Pbinduced by theπ0h 11/2 hole.Sci

    Menglan Liu, Cenxi Yuan, Guangxin Zhang, Yinu Zhang, and Chong Qi. Isomerism in the southeastern region of208Pbinduced by theπ0h 11/2 hole.Sci. China- Phys. Mech. Astron, 68:122011, 2025. 24

    2025

  72. [72]

    S. J. Steer, Zs. Podolyák, S. Pietri, M. Górska, H. Grawe, K. H. Maier, P. H. Regan, D. Rudolph, A. B. Garnsworthy, R. Hoischen, et al. Isomeric states observed in heavy neutron-rich nuclei populated in the fragmentation of a 208Pb beam.Phys. Rev. C, 84:044313, Oct 2011

    2011

  73. [73]

    T. T. Yeung, A. I. Morales, J. Wu, M. Liu, C. Yuan, S. Nishimura, V. H. Phong, N. Fukuda, J. L. Tain, T. Davinson, et al. First exploration of monopole-driven shell evolution above theN= 126shell closure: New millisecond isomers in 213Tland 215Tl.Phys. Rev. Lett., 133:072501, Aug 2024

    2024

  74. [74]

    Mass combination

    Noritaka Shimizu, Takahiro Mizusaki, Yutaka Utsuno, and Yusuke Tsunoda. Thick-restart block Lanczos method for large-scale shell-model calculations.Comput. Phys. Commun., 244:372–384, 2019. 25 Supplementary Materials Precision masses of neutron-rich platinum and gold nuclei reveal enhancedN= 126shell strength below doubly-magic208Pb The scope of this Supp...

    2019