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Non-Gaussian transverse momentum fluctuations from impact parameter fluctuations
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abstract
The transverse momentum per particle, $[p_t]$, fluctuates event by event in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, for a given multiplicity. These fluctuations are small and approximately Gaussian, but a non-zero skewness has been predicted on the basis of hydrodynamic calculations, and seen experimentally. We argue that the mechanism driving the skewness is that, if the system thermalizes, the mean transverse momentum increases with impact parameter for a fixed collision multiplicity. We postulate that fluctuations are Gaussian at fixed impact parameter, and that non-Gaussianities solely result from impact parameter fluctuations. Using recent data on the variance of $[p_t]$ fluctuations, we make quantitative predictions for their skewness and kurtosis as a function of the collision multiplicity. We predict in particular a spectacular increase of the skewness below the knee of the multiplicity distribution, followed by a fast decrease.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Thermal and geometric normal modes of spectral fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions
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Phenomenology of baryon dynamics with directed flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
A two-component initial baryon deposition model plus hydrodynamics reproduces baryon-antibaryon directed flow splitting across sqrt(sNN) = 7.7 to 200 GeV and yields a model-based baryon diffusion coefficient.
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Study of $p_\mathrm{T}$-differential radial flow in blast-wave model
A blast-wave model with Gaussian event-by-event fluctuations reproduces ALICE v0(pT) data and yields systematically higher freeze-out temperatures than conventional pT-spectra fits.
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Study of the hottest droplet of fluid through correlations and fluctuations of collective variables
The thesis uses event-by-event fluctuations and correlations of collective flow and mean transverse momentum to propose new probes of the initial state, explain the ATLAS [pT]-variance fall, and constrain nuclear deformation.
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Few is different: deciphering many-body dynamics in mesoscopic quantum gases
A workshop report mapping the size, equilibrium, and interaction frontiers of hydrodynamic behavior in mesoscopic quantum systems, connecting few-atom Fermi gases and high-energy small collision systems.
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Transverse momentum fluctuations as a probe of thermalization and collective dynamics of QGP
In ultracentral Pb+Pb collisions, the sharp drop in event-by-event mean-pT fluctuations is attributed to vanishing impact-parameter fluctuations in a thermalized hydrodynamic medium, and v0(pT) is shown to act as a di...
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