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Modular flavor symmetry and vector-valued modular forms

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arxiv 2112.14761 v1 pith:4NMLDUZS submitted 2021-12-29 hep-ph hep-th

Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phhep-th
keywords modularformsvector-valuedfiniteflavorgeneralgroupssymmetry
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abstract

We revisit the modular flavor symmetry from a more general perspective. The scalar modular forms of principal congruence subgroups are extended to the vector-valued modular forms, then we have more possible finite modular groups including $\Gamma_N$ and $\Gamma'_N$ as the flavor symmetry. The theory of vector-valued modular forms provide a method of differential equation to construct the modular multiplets, and it also reveals the simple structure of the modular invariant mass models. We review the theory of vector-valued modular forms and give general results for the lower dimensional vector-valued modular forms. The general finite modular groups are listed up to order 72. We apply the formalism to construct two new lepton mass models based on the finite modular groups $A_4\times Z_2$ and $GL(2,3)$.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

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  2. Lepton mixing from the $\Delta(96)$ Modular Littlest Seesaw

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    An exhaustive scan of Δ(96) Modular Littlest Seesaw models yields 35 viable residual-symmetry patterns with new fixed PMNS columns and sharp, testable predictions beyond TM1.

  3. Modular Flavor Symmetries and Fermion Mass Hierarchies

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In modular flavor models, fermion mass hierarchies require the modulus to sit near the critical points i, i∞, or ω; the paper classifies the near-critical mass patterns for reducible 2⊕1 matter assignments.

  4. Flavor Symmetries and Winding Modes

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In the Z3 heterotic orbifold, the modular symmetry of the Kähler modulus is Gamma(3), and the discrete flavor symmetry Delta(27) arises from misaligned U(1) gauge symmetries that become massless at different critical points.

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