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Fluctuations in the canonical ensemble of an Abelian charge

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arxiv 2205.07332 v1 pith:57G4XJNU submitted 2022-05-15 nucl-th hep-ph

Fluctuations in the canonical ensemble of an Abelian charge

classification nucl-th hep-ph
keywords baryoncumulantsfluctuationsantibaryonfactorialnumbercanonicalderive
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We study fluctuations in the canonical ensemble, where the net baryon number is exactly conserved. The focus is on cumulants and factorial cumulants linked to the baryon and antibaryon multiplicities and their sum or difference in full phase-space as well as in subsystems. In particular, we connect the fluctuations of the net baryon number in a subsystem, relevant for fluctuation studies in nucleus-nucleus collisions, with fluctuations of the baryon and antibaryon numbers of the total system. We derive analytic expressions for factorial cumulants of arbitrary order. Compact results are obtained in terms of cumulants of the baryon number of the total system. Moreover, we derive the asymptotic forms of the factorial cumulants of baryon and antibaryon multiplicities in the high- and low-temperature limits and discuss the results in the context of heavy-ion collision experiments.

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