Kohn-Sham Theory in the Presence of Magnetic Field

In the well-known Kohn-Sham theory in Density Functional Theory, a fictitious non-interacting system is introduced that has the same particle density as a system of $N$ electrons subjected to mutual Coulomb repulsion and an external electric field. For a long time, the treatment of the kinetic energy was not correct and the theory was not well-defined for $N$-representable particle densities. In the work of [Hadjisavvas and Theophilou, Phys. Rev. A, 1984, 30, 2183], a rigorous Kohn-Sham theory for $N$-representable particle densities was developed using the Levy-Lieb functional. Since a Levy-Lieb-type functional can be defined for Current Density Functional Theory formulated with the paramagnetic current density, we here develop a rigorous $N$-representable Kohn-Sham approach for interacting electrons in magnetic field. Furthermore, in the one-electron case, criteria for $N$-representable particle densities to be $v$-representable are given.