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Pulsar Timing Array Constraints on Primordial Black Holes with NANOGrav 11-Year Data Set

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arxiv 1910.12239 v4 pith:6EZBELQG submitted 2019-10-27 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-phhep-th

classification astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th
keywords pbhsblackgravitationalholeswavesdatadetectionmass
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

The detection of binary black hole coalescences by LIGO/Virgo has aroused the interest in primordial black holes (PBHs), because they could be both the progenitors of these black holes and a compelling candidate of dark matter (DM). PBHs are formed soon after the enhanced scalar perturbations re-enter horizon during radiation dominated era, which would inevitably induce gravitational waves as well. Searching for such scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) provides an elegant way to probe PBHs. We perform the first direct search for the signals of SIGWs accompanying the formation of PBHs in North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational waves (NANOGrav) 11-year data set. No statistically significant detection has been made, and hence we place a stringent upper limit on the abundance of PBHs at $95\%$ confidence level. In particular, less than one part in a million of the total DM mass could come from PBHs in the mass range of $[2 \times 10^{-3}, 7\times 10^{-1}] \Msun$.

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Forward citations

Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Observable Gravitational Wave Strain at Second Order

    gr-qc 2025-12 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    At second order, the gravitational-wave strain measured by geodesic observers exchanging light pulses is the transverse-traceless metric perturbation in the Newton gauge (h_N^(2)).

  2. Evading the CMB $\mu$-distortion bound on Supermassive Primordial Black Hole seeds with Non-Gaussian tails

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Under the FIRAS μ-distortion variance cap, power-law and heavy log-normal PDF tails can yield seed-relevant PBH abundances, while Gaussian and ordinary exponential tails cannot.

  3. Gravitational Waves from Accretion Disks: Turbulence, Mode Excitation and Prospects for Future Detectors

    gr-qc 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Turbulent accretion disks can stochastically excite black hole quasinormal ringing, but the resulting gravitational-wave background is below the reach of near-term detectors.

  4. Constraining inflation with nonminimal derivative coupling with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array third data release

    gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using PPTA DR3 data, the authors report 90% constraints on the nonminimal derivative coupling inflation parameters φc, ωL, and σ, with Bayes factor 0.9 against a power-law background.

  5. Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A Bayesian analysis shows that a future sub-solar PBH detection would make the primordial SIGW interpretation of PTA data favored over the SMBH interpretation, but this preference is driven by the detection prior.

  6. On the Gauge Invariance of Secondary Gravitational Waves

    astro-ph.CO 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The paper argues that discarding non-light-speed modes of the second-order tensor perturbation makes the induced gravitational wave energy density gauge-invariant in both adiabatic and isocurvature scenarios.

  7. Gravitational waves from holographic first-order QCD phase transition with magnetic field

    hep-ph 2026-03 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    In holographic QCD models, a stronger external magnetic field shifts the gravitational-wave peak from the first-order confinement transition to lower frequencies, with signals potentially visible to IPTA and SKA.

  8. Pre-Big-Bang Cosmology Cannot Explain NANOGrav 15-year Signal

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Pre-Big Bang string cosmology cannot explain the NANOGrav 15-year signal; a power-law spectrum is preferred by a Bayes factor of about 468.

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