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Lieb-Robinson and the butterfly effect

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arxiv 1603.09298 v2 pith:BJYUXEAH submitted 2016-03-30 hep-th cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elquant-ph

classification hep-thcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elquant-ph
keywords butterflyvelocitylieb-robinsonquantumeffecttimeballisticdynamics
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

As experiments are increasingly able to probe the quantum dynamics of systems with many degrees of freedom, it is interesting to probe fundamental bounds on the dynamics of quantum information. We elaborate on the relationship between one such bound---the Lieb-Robinson bound---and the butterfly effect in strongly-coupled quantum systems. The butterfly effect implies the ballistic growth of local operators in time, which can be quantified with the "butterfly" velocity $v_B$. Similarly, the Lieb-Robinson velocity places a state independent ballistic upper bound on the size of time evolved operators in non-relativistic lattice models. Here, we argue that $v_B$ is a state-dependent effective Lieb-Robinson velocity. We study the butterfly velocity in a wide variety of quantum field theories using holography and compare with free particle computations to understand the role of strong coupling. We find that, depending on the way length and time scale, $v_B$ acquires a temperature dependence and decreases towards the IR. We also comment on experimental prospects and on the relationship between the butterfly velocity and signaling.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

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  1. Cosmological pole-skipping, shock waves and quantum chaotic dynamics of de Sitter horizons

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  2. Butterflies in $\textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}}$ deformed anomalous CFT$_2$

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

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    In the EMS holographic model, entanglement entropy, mutual information, wedge cross-section, and butterfly velocity all show critical exponent 1—twice the scalar order parameter—and MI grows faster than EWCS across th...

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    cs.AI 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

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