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Topological theory of Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorems in quantum spin systems

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arxiv 1907.08204 v3 pith:BLYM4PWA submitted 2019-07-18 cond-mat.str-el math-phmath.MPquant-ph

Topological theory of Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorems in quantum spin systems

classification cond-mat.str-el math-phmath.MPquant-ph
keywords spingroundstategappedgeneralsymmetrysystemtheorem
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem states that a spin system with translation and spin rotation symmetry and half-integer spin per unit cell does not admit a gapped symmetric ground state lacking fractionalized excitations. That is, the ground state must be gapless, spontaneously break a symmetry, or be a gapped spin liquid. Thus, such systems are natural spin-liquid candidates if no ordering is found. In this work, we give a much more general criterion that determines when an LSM-type theorem holds in a spin system. For example, we consider quantum magnets with arbitrary space group symmetry and/or spin-orbit coupling. Our criterion is intimately connected to recent work on the general classification of topological phases with spatial symmetries and also allows for the computation of an "anomaly" associated with the existence of an LSM theorem. Moreover, our framework is also general enough to encompass recent works on "SPT-LSM" theorems where the system admits a gapped symmetric ground state without fractionalized excitations, but such a ground state must still be non-trivial in the sense of symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

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