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Viscous Hydrodynamics and the Quark Gluon Plasma
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One of the most striking results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is the strong elliptic flow. This review summarizes what is observed and how these results are combined with reasonable theoretical assumptions to estimate the shear viscosity of QCD near the phase transition. A data comparison with viscous hydrodynamics and kinetic theory calculations indicates that the shear viscosity to entropy ratio is surprisingly small, $\eta/s < 0.4$. The preferred range is $\eta/s \simeq (1\leftrightarrow 3) \times 1/4\pi$.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Modeling $\Lambda$ polarization in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV using relativistic spin hydrodynamics
A (1+1+2)D relativistic spin hydrodynamics model with transverse expansion and longitudinal spin acceleration reproduces the observed quadrupole pattern in longitudinal Lambda polarization for Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV.
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Modeling $\Lambda$ polarization in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV using relativistic spin hydrodynamics
A (1+1+2)D spin hydrodynamics model with longitudinal spin acceleration and transverse expansion reproduces the quadrupole pattern in longitudinal Lambda polarization and matches Au+Au data at 200 GeV while predicting...
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Measurements of charged-particle pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\text{NN}}} = 5.36$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
ATLAS measures charged-particle pseudorapidity density and mean transverse momentum in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at 5.36 TeV as a function of centrality and eta.
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Extended applicability domain of viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics in (2+1)-D Bjorken flow with transverse expansion
VAH simulations in (2+1)D Bjorken flow with transverse expansion show an extended applicability domain over standard viscous hydrodynamics when compared to relaxation-time approximation kinetic theory.
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Validity of relativistic hydrodynamics beyond local equilibrium
Formal solutions of Boltzmann moment equations demonstrate that relativistic hydrodynamics works far from equilibrium because non-perturbative modes and modified transport coefficients enable interpolation between fre...
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Chemical Equilibration and Thermalization of Quark-Gluon Plasma in a Parton Cascade Model with 2-to-3 Quark Interactions
Box and expanding simulations with SMASH extended to 2-to-3 quark processes show energy spectrum thermalizes by ~0.2 fm/c, momentum isotropizes by ~2 fm/c, but chemical equilibration remains incomplete by 5 fm/c and h...
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