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Bubble wall velocity: heavy physics effects

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arxiv 2010.02590 v3 pith:DKVYU33X submitted 2020-10-06 hep-ph

classification hep-ph
keywords bubbleeffectsfrictionphaserelativistictransitionwallanalyse
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

We analyse the dynamics of the relativistic bubble expansion during the first order phase transition focusing on the ultra relativistic velocities $\gamma\gg 1$. We show that fields much heavier than the scale of the phase transition can significantly contribute to the friction and modify the motion of the bubble wall leading to interesting phenomenological consequences. NLO effects on the friction due to the soft vector field emission are reviewed as well.

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Forward citations

Cited by 15 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Abundant production of scalars and axions from phase transition bubble expansion

    hep-ph 2026-08 accept novelty 8.0 of 10

    Constant-velocity spherical bubble walls radiate massive scalars until the wall's rest-frame curvature exceeds the particle Compton wavelength, a mechanism that can dominate freeze-in production of axion-like particles.

  2. Can the universe be matter-dominated after a supercooled first-order phase transition?

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    After a supercooled first-order phase transition, the scalar field's equation of state is set by the bubble-wall Lorentz factor γ*, and matter domination is delayed until a/a* ≃ γ* in the free-streaming limit.

  3. Entropy production at electroweak bubble walls from scalar field fluctuations

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Scalar fluctuations produce a nonvanishing entropy discontinuity across an electroweak bubble wall even in the zero-friction limit, showing LTE-based wall velocity upper bounds cannot be saturated.

  4. Bubble wall dynamics from nonequilibrium quantum field theory

    hep-ph 2025-04 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The conventional kinetic equation of motion for bubble walls is incomplete, missing a condensate self-energy term that produces additional friction from particle production, mixing, and transition radiation.

  5. Gravitational Waves from Particles Produced from Bubble Collisions in First-Order Phase Transitions

    astro-ph.CO 2024-12 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Particles produced from bubble collisions generate a gravitational-wave signal whose low-frequency slope can dominate the standard signal from first-order phase transitions.

  6. Particle Production via Rippled Bubble Walls

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A rippled bubble wall produces heavy particles resonantly when the momentum transfer matches the ripple frequency, potentially raising dark-matter abundance by orders of magnitude.

  7. Tunnelling out of Starobinsky inflation: Raising the spectral tilt

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A first-order phase-transition exit from a displaced Starobinsky branch truncates ~12 e-folds, shifting the spectral tilt from n_s≈0.965 to ≈0.973 at r≈2×10⁻³.

  8. Direct Detection of Cosmic Walls with Paleo Detectors

    hep-ph 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Ancient minerals could preserve parallel damage tracks left by a passing cosmic wall, enabling a direct search for these rare objects with paleo detectors.

  9. Electroweak Phase Transition and Bubble Wall Velocity in Local Thermal Equilibrium

    hep-ph 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Bubble wall velocities in local thermal equilibrium are computed for three BSM models and found to be nearly universal when expressed via the critical temperature and supercooling, with only deflagration solutions.

  10. Cosmological phase transitions from the functional measure

    hep-ph 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In the minimal modified functional measure model, a logarithmic scalar-potential correction can make the electroweak transition strongly first order, and future gravitational-wave observatories could probe the Higgs t...

  11. Thermalization effects on the dynamics of growing vacuum bubbles

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Bubble-wall terminal velocity depends on plasma thermalization; non-equilibrium and free-streaming regimes give slower or different walls, and stationary solutions can be bypassed by runaways.

  12. Holographic composite Higgs model and gravitational waves produced during first order phase transition

    hep-th 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In the soft-wall holographic composite Higgs model, the symmetry breaking transition is strongly first order with alpha up to 10^3 and beta/H between 10^5 and 5x10^6, producing gravitational waves peaked near the BBO/...

  13. Non-singular solutions to the Boltzmann equation with a fluid Ansatz

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    By letting the plasma background temperature and velocity vary with position, the authors remove the singularity that plagued previous fluid Ansatz calculations of bubble wall friction.

  14. Mineral Detection of Neutrinos and Dark Matter 2025 Proceedings

    physics.ins-det 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    A workshop proceedings presenting 20 status reports on mineral detectors as passive, long-exposure nuclear recoil detectors for dark matter, neutrinos, and cosmic rays.

  15. Populating dark sectors with relativistic bubble walls

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    Relativistic bubble walls can pair-produce dark matter much heavier than the phase transition scale, which then free-streams as warm dark matter.

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