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$\Lambda$ spin polarization in event-by-event relativistic heavy-ion collisions
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abstract
We present a systematic study of $\Lambda$ hyperon's polarization observables using event-by-event (3+1)D relativistic hydrodynamics. The effects of initial hot spot size and QGP's specific shear viscosity on the polarization observables are quantified. We examine the effects of the two formulations of the thermal shear tensor on the polarization observables using the same hydrodynamic background. With event-by-event simulations, we make predictions for the Fourier coefficients of $\Lambda$'s longitudinal polarization $P^z$ with respect to the event planes of different orders of anisotropic flow. We propose new correlations among the Fourier coefficients of $P^z$ and charged hadron anisotropic flow coefficients to further test the mapping from fluid velocity gradients to hyperon's polarization. Finally, we present a system size scan with Au+Au, Ru+Ru, and O+O collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 200$ GeV to study the system size dependence of polarization observables at the Relativistic Heavy-ion Collider.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Local Spin Polarization in Anisotropic Gubser Flow: Suppression Mechanism and Formulation Dependence
In an anisotropic Gubser flow, the longitudinal spin polarization's sign depends on which shear formulation is used, and two popular formulations show exact or near-exact cancellation between vorticity and shear contr...
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Event-by-event vortex rings in fixed-target p+Ar collisions
Hydrodynamic simulations predict lambda polarization in p+Ar collisions that is six times larger for strong early longitudinal flow than for Bjorken flow, with an anti-lambda sign flip at weak flow, testable at LHCb SMOG.
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Initial conditions and bulk viscosity effects on $\Lambda$ polarization in high-energy heavy ion collisions
Bulk viscosity determines the sign of longitudinal Lambda polarization at LHC energies in hydrodynamic simulations, and the azimuthal dependence of transverse polarization is sensitive to initial-state choices.
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Hydrodynamic effects on spin polarization along the beam direction in Au+Au and p+Pb collisions
Hydrodynamic spin contributions (thermal vorticity negative, thermal shear positive) reproduce Au+Au polarization but cannot match CMS p+Pb data, so new polarization mechanisms may be needed.
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