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Inferring the Equation of State from Neutron Star Observables via Machine Learning

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arxiv 2502.20226 v2 pith:F4J4UA65 submitted 2025-02-27 nucl-th astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRgr-qchep-ph

classification nucl-thastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRgr-qchep-ph
keywords neutronobservablesdensitymassstarstateaccurateagnostic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

We have conducted an extensive study using a diverse set of equations of state (EoSs) to uncover strong relationships between neutron star (NS) observables and the underlying EoS parameters using symbolic regression method. These EoS models, derived from a mix of agnostic and physics-based approaches, considered neutron stars composed of nucleons, hyperons, and other exotic degrees of freedom in beta equilibrium. The maximum mass of a NS is found to be strongly correlated with the pressure and baryon density at an energy density of approximately 800 MeV.fm$^{-3}$. We have also demonstrated that the EoS can be expressed as a function of radius and tidal deformability within the NS mass range 1-2$M_\odot$. These insights offer a promising and efficient framework to decode the dense matter EoS directly from the accurate knowledge of NS observables.

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Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. NNStar: An end-to-end AI agent for nuclear matter and neutron star physics

    nucl-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    NNStar packages the RMF-to-neutron-star pipeline as a portable LLM-agent skill, validated on TM1/NL3/FSU-δ6.7 and demonstrated by an autonomous σ6-extended TM1 fit.

  2. Machine learning the impact parameter in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 4 and 11 GeV: a cross-check study with UrQMD, AMPT, and JAM

    nucl-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A LightGBM model trained on pion observables from one transport model predicts impact parameters in Au+Au collisions at 4 and 11 GeV with 0.2-0.4 fm error, generalizing to data from other models where polynomial fits fail.

  3. Topological Uncertainty for Anomaly Detection in the Neural-network EoS Inference with Neutron Star Data

    nucl-th 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Applying Topological Uncertainty to hidden-layer activations of a trained FNN detects failed neutron-star EoS inferences with over 90% success in the best-tested configuration.

  4. Approximating neutron-star radii using gravitational-wave only measurements with symbolic regression

    gr-qc 2025-04 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A symbolic-regression fit, k2(M, log10 Lambda), approximates neutron-star radii from gravitational-wave-only mass and tidal-deformability measurements to within a few hundred meters for the tested equations of state.

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