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arxiv: 2310.11499 · v2 · pith:G4PSTZR6new · submitted 2023-10-17 · 🌌 astro-ph.EP · astro-ph.IM

The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems IV: NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry Performance and Lessons Learned

Steph Sallum , Shrishmoy Ray , Jens Kammerer , Anand Sivaramakrishnan , Rachel Cooper , Alexandra Z. Greebaum , Deepashri Thatte , Matthew de Furio
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Samuel Factor Michael Meyer Jordan M. Stone Aarynn Carter Beth Biller Sasha Hinkley Andrew Skemer Genaro Suarez Jarron M. Leisenring Marshall D. Perrin Adam L. Kraus Olivier Absil William O. Balmer Mickael Bonnefoy Marta L. Bryan Sarah K. Betti Anthony Boccaletti Mariangela Bonavita Mark Booth Brendan P. Bowler Zackery W. Briesemeister Faustine Cantalloube Gael Chauvin Valentin Christiaens Gabriele Cugno Thayne Currie Camilla Danielski Trent J. Dupuy Jacqueline K. Faherty Christine H. Chen Per Calissendorff Elodie Choquet Michael P. Fitzgerald Jonathan J. Fortney Kyle Franson Julien H. Girard Carol A. Grady Eileen C. Gonzales Thomas Henning Dean C. Hines Kielan K. W. Hoch Callie E. Hood Alex R. Howe Markus Janson Paul Kalas Grant M. Kennedy Matthew A. Kenworthy Pierre Kervella Daniel Kitzmann Masayuki Kuzuhara Anne-Marie Lagrange Pierre-Olivier Lagage Kellen Lawson Cecilia Lazzoni Ben W. P. Lew Michael C. Liu Pengyu Liu Jorge Llop-Sayson James P. Lloyd Anna Lueber Bruce Macintosh Elena Manjavacas Sebastian Marino Mark S. Marley Christian Marois Raquel A. Martinez Brenda C. Matthews Elisabeth C. Matthews Dimitri Mawet Johan Mazoyer Michael W. McElwain Stanimir Metchev Brittany E. Miles Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer Paul Molliere Sarah E. Moran Caroline V. Morley Sagnick Mukherjee Paulina Palma-Bifani Eric Pantin Polychronis Patapis Simon Petrus Laurent Pueyo Sascha P. Quanz Andreas Quirrenbach Isabel Rebollido Jea Adams Redai Bin B. Ren Emily Rickman Matthias Samland B. A. Sargent Joshua E. Schlieder Glenn Schneider Karl R. Stapelfeldt Ben J. Sutlieff Motohide Tamura Xianyu Tan Christopher A. Theissen Taichi Uyama Arthur Vigan Malavika Vasist Johanna M. Vos Kevin Wagner Jason J. Wang Kimberly Ward-Duong Niall Whiteford Schuyler G. Wolff Kadin Worthen Mark C. Wyatt Marie Ygouf Xi Zhang Keming Zhang Zhoujian Zhang Yifan Zhou Alice Zurlo
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keywords calibrationnirissjwstcontrastaccountapertureearlyerrors
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We present a performance analysis for the aperture masking interferometry (AMI) mode on board the James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (JWST/NIRISS). Thanks to self-calibrating observables, AMI accesses inner working angles down to and even within the classical diffraction limit. The scientific potential of this mode has recently been demonstrated by the Early Release Science (ERS) 1386 program with a deep search for close-in companions in the HIP 65426 exoplanetary system. As part of ERS 1386, we use the same data set to explore the random, static, and calibration errors of NIRISS AMI observables. We compare the observed noise properties and achievable contrast to theoretical predictions. We explore possible sources of calibration errors and show that differences in charge migration between the observations of HIP 65426 and point-spread function calibration stars can account for the achieved contrast curves. Lastly, we use self-calibration tests to demonstrate that with adequate calibration NIRISS F380M AMI can reach contrast levels of $\sim9-10$ mag at $\gtrsim \lambda/D$. These tests lead us to observation planning recommendations and strongly motivate future studies aimed at producing sophisticated calibration strategies taking these systematic effects into account. This will unlock the unprecedented capabilities of JWST/NIRISS AMI, with sensitivity to significantly colder, lower-mass exoplanets than lower-contrast ground-based AMI setups, at orbital separations inaccessible to JWST coronagraphy.

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  1. AMIGO: a Data-Driven Calibration of the JWST Interferometer

    astro-ph.IM 2025-10 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    AMIGO is an end-to-end differentiable forward model of JWST AMI that corrects detector systematics to recover high-precision astrometry and detect close high-contrast companions.