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A Unified Neural-Network Framework for Nucleon Imaging from Numerical Simulations of QCD
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A Unified Neural-Network Framework for Nucleon Imaging from Numerical Simulations of QCD
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Parton distributions encode the momentum-space structure and, in their generalizations, the spatial tomography of quarks and gluons inside hadrons, the building blocks of visible matter. We present a unified neural-network approach that learns these distributions directly from matrix elements calculated via numerical simulations of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) on the lattice by fitting two complementary inputs simultaneously: data matched to physical quantities via known momentum-space and coordinate-space formalisms. Utilizing data from both methods stabilizes the extraction and mitigates biases that can arise when either is used alone. We validate the method on controlled mock data and apply it to lattice-QCD matrix elements to extract parton distribution functions (PDFs). We show benefits of such an approach for determining the physical quantities. We further extend the framework to zero-skewness generalized parton distributions and demonstrate nucleon tomography within the same neural-network parameterization. Our results provide an adaptable and systematically improvable approach for extracting partonic distributions from Euclidean correlators. It can incorporate polarization, additional channels, and future experimental constraints from current and future facilities, such as the Electron-Ion Collider.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Reconstructing the full kinematic dependence of GPDs from pseudo-distributions
Lattice QCD pseudo-distributions at m_π=358 MeV are inverted via multidimensional Gaussian process regression to reconstruct the full kinematic dependence of GPDs H^{u-d} and E^{u-d} while directly extracting double d...
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Quasi Parton Distribution Functions in Covariant Quark Models
In gauge-free quark models, quasi-PDFs converge to PDFs with proven sum rules, and the Covariant Parton Model supplies closed-form small-x results that match a Wandzura-Wilczek approximation for the quark energy-momen...
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Exclusive Quark and Gluon Dijet Production as Probes of GPDs at Collider Energies
Exclusive dijet electroproduction probes GPDs via new LO amplitudes for quark (with helicity and QED) and gluon channels, with HERA comparison and EIC projections.
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Exclusive Quark and Gluon Dijet Production as Probes of GPDs at Collider Energies
Exclusive quark and gluon dijet electroproduction is analyzed in collinear factorization as a GPD probe, extending prior work with helicity GPDs and an electromagnetic channel, with HERA comparisons and EIC projections.
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Pion and Kaon PDFs from Lattice QCD via Large Momentum Effective Theory and Short-Distance Factorization
Lattice QCD calculation of pion and kaon unpolarized quark PDFs on a 32^3×64 ensemble with 260 MeV pion mass, using LaMET and SDF matching at boosts up to 2.07 GeV.
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Generalized parton distributions from lattice QCD
A review of lattice QCD extractions of GPDs via quasi- and pseudo-distributions, surveying results and advocating combined LaMET+SDF analyses and experiment-lattice synergies.
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Parton distribution functions from lattice QCD
A review of lattice-QCD approaches to parton distribution functions concludes that the field is moving from feasibility studies to quantitatively controlled calculations.
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