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Conundrum for the free energy of a holonomous gluonic plasma at cubic order

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arxiv 1911.10209 v2 pith:GGZNOSJJ submitted 2019-11-22 hep-th hep-lathep-phnucl-th

classification hep-thhep-lathep-phnucl-th
keywords holonomyenergyfreegaugeleftnonzerorightcharged
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

We compute the term $\sim g^3$ in the free energy for a $SU(N)$ gauge theory with nonzero holonomy at nonzero temperature. If the holonomy is generated kinematically by the introduction of gauge invariant sources coupled to Polyakov loops, the contribution of charged (off-diagonal) gluons to the free energy at order $g^3$, ${\cal F}^{\left( 3\rm{:c.g.} \right)}$, is singular: ${\cal F}^{\left( 3\rm{:c.g.} \right)} \neq 0 $ without holonomy, but ${\cal F}^{\left( 3 \rm{:c.g.} \right)}= 0$ when the holonomy is nonzero, even infinitesimally. We show that the absence of the charged gluon contribution is required by gauge invariance alone and is therefore a universal feature.

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