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The unexpected uses of a bowling pin: exploiting $^{20}$Ne isotopes for precision characterizations of collectivity in small systems
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abstract
Whether or not femto-scale droplets of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) are formed in so-called small systems at high-energy colliders is a pressing question in the phenomenology of the strong interaction. For proton-proton or proton-nucleus collisions the answer is inconclusive due to the large theoretical uncertainties plaguing the description of these processes. While upcoming data on collisions of $^{16}$O nuclei may mitigate these uncertainties in the near future, here we demonstrate the unique possibilities offered by complementing $^{16}$O$^{16}$O data with collisions of $^{20}$Ne ions. We couple both NLEFT and PGCM ab initio descriptions of the structure of $^{20}$Ne and $^{16}$O to hydrodynamic simulations of $^{16}$O$^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne$^{20}$Ne collisions at high energy. We isolate the imprints of the bowling-pin shape of $^{20}$Ne on the collective flow of hadrons, which can be used to perform quantitative tests of the hydrodynamic QGP paradigm. In particular, we predict that the elliptic flow of $^{20}$Ne$^{20}$Ne collisions is enhanced by as much as 1.170(8)$_{\rm stat.}$(30)$_{\rm syst.}$ for NLEFT and 1.139(6)$_{\rm stat.}$(39)$_{\rm syst.}$ for PGCM relative to $^{16}$O$^{16}$O collisions for the 1% most central events. At the same time, theoretical uncertainties largely cancel when studying relative variations of observables between two systems. This demonstrates a method based on experiments with two light-ion species for precision characterizations of the collective dynamics and its emergence in a small system.
Forward citations
Cited by 12 Pith papers
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Evidence of nuclear geometry-driven anisotropic flow in OO and Ne$-$Ne collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\textit s}_{\rm\mathbf {NN}}}}$ = 5.36 TeV
First measurements of elliptic and triangular flow in OO and Ne-Ne collisions show geometry-driven collectivity consistent with hydrodynamic predictions.
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Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.36$ TeV $^{16}$O$+^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne$+^{20}$Ne collisions with the ATLAS detector
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Ground-state two-body correlations in light nuclei are better probed by high-energy eccentricity variances than by low-energy Kumar operators, whose deformation interpretation is shown to fail.
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Impacts of isolated nucleon-nucleon correlations in relativistic $^{16}$O+$^{16}$O collisions
Applying rejection sampling to 16O configurations constrained by a Fermi density and a two-nucleon distance distribution reproduces the initial-state eccentricities and energy fluctuations of NLEFT and VMC ab-initio m...
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Investigating $^{238}$U Deformation via Dilepton Production in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
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Nonlinear collective flow reveals the breakdown of quadrupole--hexadecapole scaling in heavy ion collisions
The nonlinear flow coefficient ξ6,222 in simulated U+U collisions separates the four (β2, β4) nuclear topology classes, making the sign of the hexadecapole deformation β4 experimentally accessible.
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Persistent homology Betti curves and persistence distributions for Trajectum Pb-Pb and O-O events are robust and reflect known flow and multiplicity phenomenology, with no enhanced parameter sensitivity over standard ...
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