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Gas giant planets as dynamical barriers to inward-migrating super-Earths
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Gas giant planets as dynamical barriers to inward-migrating super-Earths
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Planets of 1-4 times Earth's size on orbits shorter than 100 days exist around 30-50% of all Sun-like stars. In fact, the Solar System is particularly outstanding in its lack of "hot super-Earths" (or "mini-Neptunes"). These planets -- or their building blocks -- may have formed on wider orbits and migrated inward due to interactions with the gaseous protoplanetary disk. Here, we use a suite of dynamical simulations to show that gas giant planets act as barriers to the inward migration of super-Earths initially placed on more distant orbits. Jupiter's early formation may have prevented Uranus and Neptune (and perhaps Saturn's core) from becoming hot super-Earths. Our model predicts that the populations of hot super-Earth systems and Jupiter-like planets should be anti-correlated: gas giants (especially if they form early) should be rare in systems with many hot super-Earths. Testing this prediction will constitute a crucial assessment of the validity of the migration hypothesis for the origin of close-in super-Earths.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG LXXVII. Occurrence rates of small close-in planets in the presence of cold Jupiters
Close-in small planets occur at ~5–16% around cold-Jupiter hosts, with no strong overall correlation at average stellar mass/metallicity, but elevated rates in dynamically stable inner regions.
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The Longest-period Young Transiting Exoplanets. A Duo of Puffy Giants inside a Debris Disk
HD 114082 hosts two puffy, moderate-to-low-mass giants on nearly circular, coplanar, near-resonant orbits of 225.55 and ~314 days, the longest-period young transiting exoplanets known.
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The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG LXXVII. Occurrence rates of small close-in planets in the presence of cold Jupiters
Occurrence rates of hot/warm/cool Neptunes and Super-Earths around cold-Jupiter hosts are ~5–16%, higher when the outer giant leaves a stable inner zone, with no strong ISP–CJ correlation at average metallicity.
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Dynamical formation of long-period exoplanets systems in evolving binary stars
MESA+REBOUND simulations show that stellar mass loss in a wide binary destabilizes S-type multi-planet systems and pushes surviving giants to long-period orbits.
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Is the composition of the Solar atmosphere unusual, and if so, why? Possible interpretations
A review of the 10-20% solar volatile-to-refractory excess relative to solar twins, weighing galactic, protoplanetary, and planetary-ingestion explanations and finding no decisive answer.
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