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Maximally entangled gluons for any $x$
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abstract
Individual quarks and gluons at small-$x$ inside an unpolarized hadron can be regarded as Bell states in which qubits in the spin and orbital angular momentum spaces are maximally entangled. Using the machinery of quantum information science, we generalize this observation to all values $0<x<1$ and describe gluons (but not quarks) as maximally entangled states between a qubit and a qudit. We introduce the conditional probability distribution $P(l^z|s^z)$ of a gluon's orbital angular momentum $l^z$ given its helicity $s^z$. Restricting to the three states $l^z=0,\pm 1$, which constitute a qutrit, we explicitly compute $P$ as a function of $x$
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Quantum decoherence of hyperon spin correlations in QCD hadronization
A model of quantum decoherence from string breaking explains hyperon spin correlations by linking vacuum entanglement to observed data in non-perturbative QCD.
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Quantum entanglement within quarkonium
Quark-antiquark entanglement entropy in quarkonium is derived from light-front wave functions, reduces to the Shannon entropy of TMDs, and shows strong polarization dependence for spin-1 mesons.
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Deep inelastic scattering as a probe of entanglement: the complete QCD dipole cascade
The Shannon entropy of dipole multiplicities from the full Levin–Lublinsky equation in DIS reproduces the H1 hadron entropy, growing linearly with ln(1/x) and described by S = ln(2/3⟨n⟩) + 0.85.
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Soft-Radiation-Induced Decoherence of Heavy-Quark Spin Entanglement at the Electron-Ion Collider
Subleading soft-gluon recoil rotates the heavy-quark spin-correlation plane; tracing over unresolved radiation dephases in-plane coherences while protecting the normal-axis correlation.
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Soft-Radiation-Induced Decoherence of Heavy-Quark Spin Entanglement at the Electron-Ion Collider
Soft-gluon radiation via recoil rotations creates an effective dephasing channel that leaves normal-axis spin correlations unchanged while suppressing in-plane coherences in heavy-quark pairs produced at the EIC.
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Quantum entanglement in electron-nucleus collisions: Role of the linearly polarized gluon distribution
The linearly polarized gluon distribution enhances entanglement of heavy quark pairs in electron-nucleus collisions when total and relative transverse momenta are orthogonal.
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Entanglement entropy, Monte Carlo event generators, and soft gluons DIScovery
Including soft gluons in Monte Carlo generators for DIS aligns parton distributions with inclusive PDFs and makes entropy grow with decreasing x, indicating initial-state origin of the bulk entropy.
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