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Inference-Time Policy Steering through Human Interactions

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arxiv 2411.16627 v2 pith:J2BUROLB submitted 2024-11-25 cs.RO cs.AIcs.HCcs.LG

classification cs.ROcs.AIcs.HCcs.LG
keywords policyhumanitpssamplingalignmentdistributionexecutiongenerative
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Generative policies trained with human demonstrations can autonomously accomplish multimodal, long-horizon tasks. However, during inference, humans are often removed from the policy execution loop, limiting the ability to guide a pre-trained policy towards a specific sub-goal or trajectory shape among multiple predictions. Naive human intervention may inadvertently exacerbate distribution shift, leading to constraint violations or execution failures. To better align policy output with human intent without inducing out-of-distribution errors, we propose an Inference-Time Policy Steering (ITPS) framework that leverages human interactions to bias the generative sampling process, rather than fine-tuning the policy on interaction data. We evaluate ITPS across three simulated and real-world benchmarks, testing three forms of human interaction and associated alignment distance metrics. Among six sampling strategies, our proposed stochastic sampling with diffusion policy achieves the best trade-off between alignment and distribution shift. Videos are available at https://yanweiw.github.io/itps/.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Learn from What We HAVE: History-Aware VErifier that Reasons about Past Interactions Online

    cs.RO 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A history-aware verifier that scores candidate actions using past interactions cuts failure rates in ambiguous robot manipulation tasks compared to using the generator alone.

  2. Latent Policy Barrier: Learning Robust Visuomotor Policies by Staying In-Distribution

    cs.RO 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Latent Policy Barrier improves behavior-cloned visuomotor policies by using a latent dynamics model trained on expert and rollout data to guide actions back toward in-distribution expert states.

  3. Adapting by Analogy: OOD Generalization of Visuomotor Policies via Functional Correspondence

    cs.RO 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A test-time method uses expert-provided functional correspondences to map out-of-distribution scenes to similar training scenes, letting a visuomotor policy reuse old behaviors without retraining.

  4. Local Manifold Approximation and Projection for Manifold-Aware Diffusion Planning

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    LoMAP projects each guided diffusion sample onto a PCA subspace of nearby offline trajectories, reducing infeasible plans and improving returns in Maze2D, MuJoCo locomotion, and AntMaze.

  5. Steering Robots with Inference-Time Interactions

    cs.RO 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Frozen imitation policies can be steered at inference time via user interactions, with a diffusion-sampling method and a constraint-enforcing framework that provides formal task guarantees.

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